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1 Hiems
hĭems or hiemps, ĕmis, f. [Gr. chiôn, cheima; Sanscr. himas, snow], the winter, winter time, rainy season (cf.: bruma, solstitium).I.Lit.: aestatem autumnus sequitur, post acer hiemps fit, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 647 P. (Ann. v. 406 Vahl.):B.solvitur acris hiems grata vice veris et Favoni,
Hor. C. 1, 4, 1: crudelis, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 891 P. (Ann. v. 482 Vahl.);opp. to aestas,
Dig. 43, 20, 1, §§31 and 32: dies primus est veris in Aquario, aestatis in Tauro, autumni in Leone, hiemis in Scorpione,
Varr. R. R. 1, 28, 1; cf. id. ap. Col. 11, 2, 84; Plin. 2, 47, 47, § 125; 18, 25, 60, § 224 sq.: prodit hiems, sequitur crepitans hanc dentibus algor. Lucr. 5, 747:hanc vim frigorum hiememque, quam nos vix hujus urbis tectis sustinemus, excipere,
Cic. Rab. Post. 15, 42:summa,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 40, § 86; id. de Imp. Pomp. 12, 32:gravissimā hieme,
Caes. B. C. 3, 8 fin.:jamque hiems appropinquabat,
id. ib. 3, 9, 8:initā hieme,
id. B. G. 3, 7, 1:jam prope hieme confectā,
id. ib. 7, 32, 2: ante exactam hiemem, id. ib. 6, 1, 4:hiems jam praecipitaverat,
id. B. C. 3, 25, 1:modestia hiemis,
Tac. A. 12, 43:bellum difficillimum gessit hieme anni,
in winter time, Suet. Caes. 35:stridebat deformis hiems,
Juv. 4, 58: Arabes campos et montes hieme et aestate peragrantes, winter and summer, i. e. in all seasons, Cic. Div. 1, 42, 94.—In plur.:confligunt hiemes aestatibus acres,
Lucr. 6, 373:est ubi plus tepeant hiemes?
Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 15:informīs hiemes reducit Juppiter, idem Summovet,
id. C. 2, 10, 15; 3, 1, 32:in his locis maturae sunt hiemes,
Caes. B. G. 4, 20, 1; Cic. N. D. 2, 19, 49:seu plures hiemes, seu tribuit Juppiter ultimam,
years, Hor. C. 1, 11, 4:post certas hiemes,
id. ib. 1, 15, 35; cf.:sic multas hiemes atque octogensima vidit solstitia,
Juv. 4, 92.—Personified: Hiems, Ov. M. 2, 30; 15, 212; 4, 436; Verg. A. 3, 120.—Transf. (mostly poet.).1.Rainy, stormy weather, a storm, tempest:2.imber Noctem hiememque ferens,
Verg. A. 5, 11; cf.:non tam creber agens hiemem ruit aequore turbo,
id. G. 3, 470:Juppiter horridus austris Torquet aquosam hiemem,
id. A. 9, 671; id. G. 1, 321; Hor. Epod. 2, 52; Ov. M. 11, 490; 521; 13, 709 al.—In plur., Val. Fl. 2, 22; Stat. S. 5, 1, 36.—In prose:maritimos cursus praecludebat hiemis magnitudo,
Cic. Planc. 40 fin.:qui (gubernator) navem ex hieme marique scopuloso servat,
Nep. Att. 10 fin. —In gen., cold, chill; tempest, violence ( poet.):II.sic letalis hiems paulatim in pectora venit,
a deadly chill, Ov. M. 2, 827; cf. Mart. 2, 46, 7:Vesuvinus apex et flammea diri Montis hiems,
the fiery tempest, Stat. S. 3, 5, 72;so of Vesuvius: vix dum ignea montem Torsit hiems,
Val. Fl. 4, 508:instamus jactu telorum et ferrea nimbis Certat hiems,
the iron storm, shower of weapons, Stat. Th. 5, 386.—Trop.1.Cold, storm ( poet.):2.ab illa Pessima (die) mutati coepit amoris hiems,
cold, Ov. H. 5, 34:hiems rerum,
the storm of war, disturbance of war, Claud. B. Get. 151.— -
2 hiems
hĭems or hiemps, ĕmis, f. [Gr. chiôn, cheima; Sanscr. himas, snow], the winter, winter time, rainy season (cf.: bruma, solstitium).I.Lit.: aestatem autumnus sequitur, post acer hiemps fit, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 647 P. (Ann. v. 406 Vahl.):B.solvitur acris hiems grata vice veris et Favoni,
Hor. C. 1, 4, 1: crudelis, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 891 P. (Ann. v. 482 Vahl.);opp. to aestas,
Dig. 43, 20, 1, §§31 and 32: dies primus est veris in Aquario, aestatis in Tauro, autumni in Leone, hiemis in Scorpione,
Varr. R. R. 1, 28, 1; cf. id. ap. Col. 11, 2, 84; Plin. 2, 47, 47, § 125; 18, 25, 60, § 224 sq.: prodit hiems, sequitur crepitans hanc dentibus algor. Lucr. 5, 747:hanc vim frigorum hiememque, quam nos vix hujus urbis tectis sustinemus, excipere,
Cic. Rab. Post. 15, 42:summa,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 40, § 86; id. de Imp. Pomp. 12, 32:gravissimā hieme,
Caes. B. C. 3, 8 fin.:jamque hiems appropinquabat,
id. ib. 3, 9, 8:initā hieme,
id. B. G. 3, 7, 1:jam prope hieme confectā,
id. ib. 7, 32, 2: ante exactam hiemem, id. ib. 6, 1, 4:hiems jam praecipitaverat,
id. B. C. 3, 25, 1:modestia hiemis,
Tac. A. 12, 43:bellum difficillimum gessit hieme anni,
in winter time, Suet. Caes. 35:stridebat deformis hiems,
Juv. 4, 58: Arabes campos et montes hieme et aestate peragrantes, winter and summer, i. e. in all seasons, Cic. Div. 1, 42, 94.—In plur.:confligunt hiemes aestatibus acres,
Lucr. 6, 373:est ubi plus tepeant hiemes?
Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 15:informīs hiemes reducit Juppiter, idem Summovet,
id. C. 2, 10, 15; 3, 1, 32:in his locis maturae sunt hiemes,
Caes. B. G. 4, 20, 1; Cic. N. D. 2, 19, 49:seu plures hiemes, seu tribuit Juppiter ultimam,
years, Hor. C. 1, 11, 4:post certas hiemes,
id. ib. 1, 15, 35; cf.:sic multas hiemes atque octogensima vidit solstitia,
Juv. 4, 92.—Personified: Hiems, Ov. M. 2, 30; 15, 212; 4, 436; Verg. A. 3, 120.—Transf. (mostly poet.).1.Rainy, stormy weather, a storm, tempest:2.imber Noctem hiememque ferens,
Verg. A. 5, 11; cf.:non tam creber agens hiemem ruit aequore turbo,
id. G. 3, 470:Juppiter horridus austris Torquet aquosam hiemem,
id. A. 9, 671; id. G. 1, 321; Hor. Epod. 2, 52; Ov. M. 11, 490; 521; 13, 709 al.—In plur., Val. Fl. 2, 22; Stat. S. 5, 1, 36.—In prose:maritimos cursus praecludebat hiemis magnitudo,
Cic. Planc. 40 fin.:qui (gubernator) navem ex hieme marique scopuloso servat,
Nep. Att. 10 fin. —In gen., cold, chill; tempest, violence ( poet.):II.sic letalis hiems paulatim in pectora venit,
a deadly chill, Ov. M. 2, 827; cf. Mart. 2, 46, 7:Vesuvinus apex et flammea diri Montis hiems,
the fiery tempest, Stat. S. 3, 5, 72;so of Vesuvius: vix dum ignea montem Torsit hiems,
Val. Fl. 4, 508:instamus jactu telorum et ferrea nimbis Certat hiems,
the iron storm, shower of weapons, Stat. Th. 5, 386.—Trop.1.Cold, storm ( poet.):2.ab illa Pessima (die) mutati coepit amoris hiems,
cold, Ov. H. 5, 34:hiems rerum,
the storm of war, disturbance of war, Claud. B. Get. 151.— -
3 hiems
hiems (hiemps), hiemis, f. (altind. himá-s, griech. χειμα, χειμών), I) regnerisches Wetter, stürmisches Wetter, Sturm, hiemis magnitudo, Cic. Planc. 96: qui (gubernator) navem ex hieme marique scopuloso servat, Nep. Att. 10, 6: oft bei Dichtern, zB. eois intonata fluctibus hiems, Hor.: saevit hiems, Ov.: dum pelago desaevit hiems, Verg.: non hiemes illam (aesculum), non flabra neque imbres convellunt, Verg.: ut tristis turbinum toleraret hiemes, mare cum horreret fluctibus, Acc. fr.: poet. übtr.: Sturm, Heftigkeit, heftige Gewalt, flammea diri montis (des Vesuvs) hiems, Stat. silv. 3, 5, 72 sq.: u. so ignea hiems, Val. Flacc. 4, 509: ferrea hiems, Waffensturm, Stat. Theb. 5, 386. – II) insbes., die Regenzeit, der Winter, weil dieser in Griechenland u. Italien vornehmlich in Regen u. Stürmen besteht, A) eig.: 1) im weitern Sinne, die den Herbst u. eigentl. Winter in sich begreifende Jahreshälfte (Ggstz. aestas; vgl. Ulp. dig. 43, 20, 1. § 31 u. 32), hiems perpetua, Sen., assidua, Mela: tristis, Liv.: Arabes campos hieme et aestate peragrantes, Cic.: hiemem et aestatem iuxta pati, Sall.: aestas abiit, sed alter illam annus reducet; hiems cecĭdit (ist verschwunden), referent illum sui menses, Sen.: hiems praeteriit, imber abiit, Ambros.: Plur. hiemēs, um, f., Cic. de nat. deor. 2, 49. Caes. b. G. 4, 20, 1 u.a. (s. Neue-Wagener Formenl.3 1, 628). – 2) im engern Sinne = der eig. Winter (die drei Monate vom Wintersolstitium bis zum Frühlingsäquinoktium, d.h. vom 22. Dezember bis zum 22. März, nach dem landwirtschaftl. Kalender der Römer aber vom 10. od. 11. Nov. bis zum 8. od. 9. Febr.), s. Col. 11, 2, 84. Plin. 2, 125: h. anni, Suet. Caes. 35, 1. Gell. 3, 10, 5. Apul. apol. 72; vgl. Serv. Verg. Aen. 1, 125. – personif., Verg. Aen. 3, 120: glacialis Hiems, Ov. met. 2, 30. – B) meton.: 1) = Kälte, Frost, letalis h. in pectora venit, Ov.: tu spectas hiemem succincti lentus amici, Mart.: bildl., h. amoris mutati, Erkalten der Liebe, Ov. – 2) = Jahr, plures hiemes, ultima hiems, Hor. carm. 1, 11, 4: post certas hiemes, Hor. carm. 1, 15, 35. – / Über die jüngere Form hiemps vgl. Georges Lexik. d. lat. Wortf. S. 321.
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4 hiems
hiems (hiemps), hiemis, f. (altind. himá-s, griech. χειμα, χειμών), I) regnerisches Wetter, stürmisches Wetter, Sturm, hiemis magnitudo, Cic. Planc. 96: qui (gubernator) navem ex hieme marique scopuloso servat, Nep. Att. 10, 6: oft bei Dichtern, zB. eois intonata fluctibus hiems, Hor.: saevit hiems, Ov.: dum pelago desaevit hiems, Verg.: non hiemes illam (aesculum), non flabra neque imbres convellunt, Verg.: ut tristis turbinum toleraret hiemes, mare cum horreret fluctibus, Acc. fr.: poet. übtr.: Sturm, Heftigkeit, heftige Gewalt, flammea diri montis (des Vesuvs) hiems, Stat. silv. 3, 5, 72 sq.: u. so ignea hiems, Val. Flacc. 4, 509: ferrea hiems, Waffensturm, Stat. Theb. 5, 386. – II) insbes., die Regenzeit, der Winter, weil dieser in Griechenland u. Italien vornehmlich in Regen u. Stürmen besteht, A) eig.: 1) im weitern Sinne, die den Herbst u. eigentl. Winter in sich begreifende Jahreshälfte (Ggstz. aestas; vgl. Ulp. dig. 43, 20, 1. § 31 u. 32), hiems perpetua, Sen., assidua, Mela: tristis, Liv.: Arabes campos hieme et aestate peragrantes, Cic.: hiemem et aestatem iuxta pati, Sall.: aestas abiit, sed alter illam annus reducet; hiems cecĭdit (ist verschwunden), referent illum sui menses, Sen.: hiems praeteriit, imber abiit, Ambros.: Plur. hiemēs, um, f., Cic. de nat. deor. 2, 49. Caes. b. G. 4, 20, 1 u.a. (s. Neue-Wagener Formenl.3 1, 628). – 2)————im engern Sinne = der eig. Winter (die drei Monate vom Wintersolstitium bis zum Frühlingsäquinoktium, d.h. vom 22. Dezember bis zum 22. März, nach dem landwirtschaftl. Kalender der Römer aber vom 10. od. 11. Nov. bis zum 8. od. 9. Febr.), s. Col. 11, 2, 84. Plin. 2, 125: h. anni, Suet. Caes. 35, 1. Gell. 3, 10, 5. Apul. apol. 72; vgl. Serv. Verg. Aen. 1, 125. – personif., Verg. Aen. 3, 120: glacialis Hiems, Ov. met. 2, 30. – B) meton.: 1) = Kälte, Frost, letalis h. in pectora venit, Ov.: tu spectas hiemem succincti lentus amici, Mart.: bildl., h. amoris mutati, Erkalten der Liebe, Ov. – 2) = Jahr, plures hiemes, ultima hiems, Hor. carm. 1, 11, 4: post certas hiemes, Hor. carm. 1, 15, 35. – ⇒ Über die jüngere Form hiemps vgl. Georges Lexik. d. lat. Wortf. S. 321. -
5 hiems
hiemis f.1) бурная погода, ливень, гроза, ненастье (dum pelăgo desaevit h. V); буря ( ignea VF)ferrea h. St — жестокая сеча2) дождливое время года, холодное полугодие ( осень и зима)3) зима (гражд. от 22/XII до 22/III, а в сельском хозяйстве от 10—11/XI до 8—9/II) Col, PM, Su, Ap etc.4) холод, стужа, мороз (letalis h. in pectora venit O)5) охлаждение (h. amoris mutati O)6) год ( plures hiēmes H) -
6 atrox
atrox, trōcis, Adi. m. Compar. u. Superl. (v. ater, wie ferox v. ferus), »sich schwarz, d.i. Unheil drohend, zeigend« = gräßlich, unheilvoll, Unheil bringend, greulich, scheußlich, schauderhaft, furchtbar, schrecklich, I) eig.: exta, Naev. b. Pun. fr.: res scelesta, atrox, nefaria, Cic.: atroces res (Ggstz. mites), Quint.: atr. facinus, caedes, Liv.: nihil umquam atrox ausus, Eutr.: m. 2. Sup., illa species quam atrox visu, Nazar. pan. 22, 4. – v. Krieg, Kampf, Gefahr u.a. Übeln, gräßlich, grimmig, blutig, mörderisch, schrecklich usw., bellum, Sall.: proelium, pugna, certamen, Liv.: periculum, Liv.: valetudo, schwere Krankheit, Tac. – v. der Jahreszeit, v. dem Wetter usw., wie unser gräßlich, schauderhaft, fürchterlich, hora flagrantis Caniculae, Hor.: aestas, Claud.: hiems (Ggstz. clemens hiems), Col. u. Plin.: tempestas (Ungewitter), Liv.: nox nimbo atrox, Tac. – von Befehlen, Nachrichten usw., gräßlich, Schrecken erregend, Unheil drohend (vgl. Heräus Tac. hist. 1, 15, 22), imperium, Liv.: edicta, Tac.: responsum, Liv.: nuntii, Tac.: rumor, Tac.: mendacium, Tac.: atrocissimae litterae, Schreckenspost, Cic. – von der Rede, in drohendem od. strengem, schneidendem Tone abgefaßt, schneidend, drohend, wütend (s. Heräus Tac. hist. 2, 40, 8), vehemens atque atrox orationis genus (Ggstz. alterum genus lenitatis et mansuetudinis), Cic.: peroratio in alcis digitum, Plin.: mandata, Tac.: n. pl. subst., haec vulgus, proceres atrociora, führten noch drohendere Reden, Tac. hist. 5, 25. – II) übtr., v. leb. Wesen, deren Charakter usw., gräßlich, gefährlich, grimmig, unbändig, wild, trotzig, unbarmherzig (Ggstz. clemens), contio, Liv.: Medea, Quint.: Agrippina semper atrox, Tac.: filia longo dolore atrox, empört, Tac.: atr. ingenium (Sinn), Liv.: atr. malitia, Pacuv. fr.: saevissimi principis atrocissima effigies, Plin. pan.: m. Genet., atrox odii (in ihrem Hasse) Agrippina, Tac. ann. 12, 22: m. ad u. Gerund., negat ullum atrocius esse animal ad conficiendum hominem in aqua, Plin. 9, 91. – u. trotzig = fest, unbeugsam, animus Catonis, Hor.: confidentia, Pacuv. fr.: fides, virtus, Sil.: odium in prole paternum exercebat atrox, Ov. – / Bei spät. Dichtern auch ātrox gemessen, s. Sen. Troad. 298 (292); Thyest. 745. – Spätlat., atrox pix = atra pix (?), Pelag. vet. 26. p. 89.
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7 atrox
atrox, trōcis, Adi. m. Compar. u. Superl. (v. ater, wie ferox v. ferus), »sich schwarz, d.i. Unheil drohend, zeigend« = gräßlich, unheilvoll, Unheil bringend, greulich, scheußlich, schauderhaft, furchtbar, schrecklich, I) eig.: exta, Naev. b. Pun. fr.: res scelesta, atrox, nefaria, Cic.: atroces res (Ggstz. mites), Quint.: atr. facinus, caedes, Liv.: nihil umquam atrox ausus, Eutr.: m. 2. Sup., illa species quam atrox visu, Nazar. pan. 22, 4. – v. Krieg, Kampf, Gefahr u.a. Übeln, gräßlich, grimmig, blutig, mörderisch, schrecklich usw., bellum, Sall.: proelium, pugna, certamen, Liv.: periculum, Liv.: valetudo, schwere Krankheit, Tac. – v. der Jahreszeit, v. dem Wetter usw., wie unser gräßlich, schauderhaft, fürchterlich, hora flagrantis Caniculae, Hor.: aestas, Claud.: hiems (Ggstz. clemens hiems), Col. u. Plin.: tempestas (Ungewitter), Liv.: nox nimbo atrox, Tac. – von Befehlen, Nachrichten usw., gräßlich, Schrecken erregend, Unheil drohend (vgl. Heräus Tac. hist. 1, 15, 22), imperium, Liv.: edicta, Tac.: responsum, Liv.: nuntii, Tac.: rumor, Tac.: mendacium, Tac.: atrocissimae litterae, Schreckenspost, Cic. – von der Rede, in drohendem od. strengem, schneidendem Tone abgefaßt, schneidend, drohend, wütend (s. Heräus Tac. hist. 2, 40, 8), vehemens atque atrox orationis genus (Ggstz. alterum genus lenitatis————et mansuetudinis), Cic.: peroratio in alcis digitum, Plin.: mandata, Tac.: n. pl. subst., haec vulgus, proceres atrociora, führten noch drohendere Reden, Tac. hist. 5, 25. – II) übtr., v. leb. Wesen, deren Charakter usw., gräßlich, gefährlich, grimmig, unbändig, wild, trotzig, unbarmherzig (Ggstz. clemens), contio, Liv.: Medea, Quint.: Agrippina semper atrox, Tac.: filia longo dolore atrox, empört, Tac.: atr. ingenium (Sinn), Liv.: atr. malitia, Pacuv. fr.: saevissimi principis atrocissima effigies, Plin. pan.: m. Genet., atrox odii (in ihrem Hasse) Agrippina, Tac. ann. 12, 22: m. ad u. Gerund., negat ullum atrocius esse animal ad conficiendum hominem in aqua, Plin. 9, 91. – u. trotzig = fest, unbeugsam, animus Catonis, Hor.: confidentia, Pacuv. fr.: fides, virtus, Sil.: odium in prole paternum exercebat atrox, Ov. – ⇒ Bei spät. Dichtern auch ātrox gemessen, s. Sen. Troad. 298 (292); Thyest. 745. – Spätlat., atrox pix = atra pix (?), Pelag. vet. 26. p. 89. -
8 atrox
atrōx, ōcis1) ужасный, страшный, жуткий, отвратительный (caedes, facīnus L; bellum Sl)2) суровый ( hiems Col); палящий ( hora Caniculae H); жестокий, мучительный, опасный ( valetudo T); неумолимый, беспощадный, грозный (orationis genus C; stilus Pt); злобный ( responsum L)3) дикий, бешеный, необузданный, безжалостный, упрямый (animus Catonis H; odium O) -
9 gravis
e1) тяжёлый, увесистый, тяжеловесный (onus Cs, H; pondus H; corpus Lcr); тяжеловооружённый ( miles T); тяжело нагруженный ( navis aliquā re L)2) крупный, многочисленный ( pavonum grex Vr)3) тучный, жирный (tellus V; terra H)4) беременнаяg. aliquo V — забеременевшая от кого-л.5)а) обременённый, отягощённый (g. aetate L; agmen grave praedā L)g. mero Pt — пьяныйebrietate turpissimā g. Pt — напившийся до безобразияб) мучимый, снедаемый, ослабленный (morbo V; aetate et corpore VP)6) обременительный, тягостный ( senectus C)7) нездоровый, вредный (anni tempus C; locus L)8) неудобоваримый ( cibus C)9) неприятный, дурной (odor V, PM); дурно пахнущий, зловонный ( sentīna Pt)10) низкий, густой, глухой (sonus V, H; vox O; taurorum mugītus Ap); безударный ( syllaba C)11) неприятный ( si hoc tibi grave est Nep); докучливый, невыносимый (adversarius C; accolae QC)12) серьёзный, опасный, тяжкий ( morbus Nep)timere graviora pericula veris O — бояться (воображаемых) опасностей, которые страшнее действительных13)g. vulnĕre VP и de vulnere VF — тяжело раненыйб) резкий ( frigus Eutr); знойный, палящий ( aestas V);. сильный (ictus V; tempestas C)15) полновесный, тж. массивный, в слитках ( aes L); высокий, дорогой (pretium Sl; fenus Su); (драго)ценный ( supellex PJ); важный, значительный (res, causa C; civitas Sl, L); почтенный, влиятельный, имеющий вес (homo gravis aetate et meritus Q); пользующийся влиянием ( stoicus gravissimus C)16) возвышенный, торжественный, величественный (caerimonia, numen C)17) достоверный, заслуживающий доверия (testis, auctor C; historicus Nep); доказательный, сильный, убедительный (oratio Q; sententia C); авторитетный, серьёзный, положительный, степенный (homo bonus et g. Q) -
10 hiemps
hĭems or hiemps, ĕmis, f. [Gr. chiôn, cheima; Sanscr. himas, snow], the winter, winter time, rainy season (cf.: bruma, solstitium).I.Lit.: aestatem autumnus sequitur, post acer hiemps fit, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 647 P. (Ann. v. 406 Vahl.):B.solvitur acris hiems grata vice veris et Favoni,
Hor. C. 1, 4, 1: crudelis, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 891 P. (Ann. v. 482 Vahl.);opp. to aestas,
Dig. 43, 20, 1, §§31 and 32: dies primus est veris in Aquario, aestatis in Tauro, autumni in Leone, hiemis in Scorpione,
Varr. R. R. 1, 28, 1; cf. id. ap. Col. 11, 2, 84; Plin. 2, 47, 47, § 125; 18, 25, 60, § 224 sq.: prodit hiems, sequitur crepitans hanc dentibus algor. Lucr. 5, 747:hanc vim frigorum hiememque, quam nos vix hujus urbis tectis sustinemus, excipere,
Cic. Rab. Post. 15, 42:summa,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 40, § 86; id. de Imp. Pomp. 12, 32:gravissimā hieme,
Caes. B. C. 3, 8 fin.:jamque hiems appropinquabat,
id. ib. 3, 9, 8:initā hieme,
id. B. G. 3, 7, 1:jam prope hieme confectā,
id. ib. 7, 32, 2: ante exactam hiemem, id. ib. 6, 1, 4:hiems jam praecipitaverat,
id. B. C. 3, 25, 1:modestia hiemis,
Tac. A. 12, 43:bellum difficillimum gessit hieme anni,
in winter time, Suet. Caes. 35:stridebat deformis hiems,
Juv. 4, 58: Arabes campos et montes hieme et aestate peragrantes, winter and summer, i. e. in all seasons, Cic. Div. 1, 42, 94.—In plur.:confligunt hiemes aestatibus acres,
Lucr. 6, 373:est ubi plus tepeant hiemes?
Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 15:informīs hiemes reducit Juppiter, idem Summovet,
id. C. 2, 10, 15; 3, 1, 32:in his locis maturae sunt hiemes,
Caes. B. G. 4, 20, 1; Cic. N. D. 2, 19, 49:seu plures hiemes, seu tribuit Juppiter ultimam,
years, Hor. C. 1, 11, 4:post certas hiemes,
id. ib. 1, 15, 35; cf.:sic multas hiemes atque octogensima vidit solstitia,
Juv. 4, 92.—Personified: Hiems, Ov. M. 2, 30; 15, 212; 4, 436; Verg. A. 3, 120.—Transf. (mostly poet.).1.Rainy, stormy weather, a storm, tempest:2.imber Noctem hiememque ferens,
Verg. A. 5, 11; cf.:non tam creber agens hiemem ruit aequore turbo,
id. G. 3, 470:Juppiter horridus austris Torquet aquosam hiemem,
id. A. 9, 671; id. G. 1, 321; Hor. Epod. 2, 52; Ov. M. 11, 490; 521; 13, 709 al.—In plur., Val. Fl. 2, 22; Stat. S. 5, 1, 36.—In prose:maritimos cursus praecludebat hiemis magnitudo,
Cic. Planc. 40 fin.:qui (gubernator) navem ex hieme marique scopuloso servat,
Nep. Att. 10 fin. —In gen., cold, chill; tempest, violence ( poet.):II.sic letalis hiems paulatim in pectora venit,
a deadly chill, Ov. M. 2, 827; cf. Mart. 2, 46, 7:Vesuvinus apex et flammea diri Montis hiems,
the fiery tempest, Stat. S. 3, 5, 72;so of Vesuvius: vix dum ignea montem Torsit hiems,
Val. Fl. 4, 508:instamus jactu telorum et ferrea nimbis Certat hiems,
the iron storm, shower of weapons, Stat. Th. 5, 386.—Trop.1.Cold, storm ( poet.):2.ab illa Pessima (die) mutati coepit amoris hiems,
cold, Ov. H. 5, 34:hiems rerum,
the storm of war, disturbance of war, Claud. B. Get. 151.— -
11 pono
pōno, ĕre, pŏsŭi, pŏsĭtum - tr. - - posivi (arch.) = posui. [st1]1 [-] placer, établir, fixer, mettre, poser; disposer, arranger; instituer, établir. - ponere artus in littore, Virg.: [mettre ses membres sur le rivage] = s'étendre sur le rivage. - ponere ante oculos: placer sous les yeux. - ponere gladium ad caput, Sen.: placer un glaive à son chevet. - ponere caput suum periculo, Plaut.: exposer sa vie aux dangers, jouer sa tête. - ponere se toro, Ov.: s'étendre sur un lit. - ponere ova, Col.: pondre. - ubi pedem poneret non habebat, Cic. Fin. 4: (la Sagesse) n'avait pas où s'arrêter. - ponere aliquem principem, Nep.: placer qqn comme chef. - te ipsum frustraberis si non me in eo principem posueris, Nep.: tu te nuiras à toi-même si tu ne me fais pas chef de l'entreprise. - ponere leges: fixer des lois. [st1]2 [-] planter; ériger, dresser, bâtir, construire. - ponere piros, Virg.: planter des poiriers. - ponere semina, Virg.: semer. - positus: bâti, placé, situé. - Roma in montibus posita, Cic. Agr. 2: Rome bâtie sur des montagnes. - Delos in Aegaeo mari posita, Cic.: Délos située dans la mer Egée. - portus ex adverso urbi positus, Liv. 45, 5: port situé en face de la ville (de Rhodes). - ponere statuam alicui, Phaedr.: élever une statue à qqn. [st1]3 [-] mettre au tombeau, enterrer. - ponere terrā: ensevelir. [st1]4 [-] poser comme gage, proposer comme prix; au fig. risquer. - ponere (pignus): faire une gageure, gager. - pono pallium, Plaut.: je gage mon manteau. - ponere vitam pigneri, Plaut.: donner sa vie en gage. [st1]5 [-] dresser (la table), mettre sur la table, servir. - ponere mensam, Hor.: dresser la table. - ita ponito, Cato.: sers ainsi. - invitas ad aprum, ponis mihi porcum, Mart.: tu m'invites à manger du sanglier et tu me sers du porc. - pone ad Trebium, Juv. 5: sers Trébius. [st1]6 [-] déposer, placer (de l'argent). - ponere pecuniam in praedio, Cic.: placer son argent dans les terres. [st1]7 [-] au fig. employer, utiliser, appliquer, consacrer, passer (le temps). - ponere totum diem, Cic.: passer la journée entière. - ponere mensem in reditu, Cic.: mettre un mois à revenir. - ponere omnem curam, Cic.: appliquer tous ses soins. - quo ponam tempora modo? Ov.: comment dois-je employer mes loisirs? [st1]8 [-] mettre dans, mettre au nombre de, compter parmi, faire consister dans, faire dépendre de; au passif: dépendre de, reposer sur. - ponere mortem in malis, Cic.: mettre la mort au nombre des maux. - ponere aliquid in crimine, Cic.: regarder qqch comme un crime. - ponere aliquid in gloriā, Liv.: regarder qqch comme un honneur. - ponere aliquid in beneficii loco, Cic. Fam. 15: considérer qqch comme un bienfait. - ponere in vitiis, Nep.: mettre au nombre des vices. - positum esse in + abl.: consister en, dépendre de. - in te positum est ut: il dépend de toi que. [st1]9 [-] mettre en avant, exposer, représenter; avancer, prétendre, soutenir, affirmer, poser une question, proposer un sujet. - nunc hominem ponere, nunc deum, Hor.: représenter tantôt un homme, tantôt un dieu. - Orphea in medio posuit, Virg.: au milieu, il avait représenté Orphée. - ponere tabulam pictam, Plin.: représenter un tableau. - ponere aliquid in certo: affirmer qqch comme certain - caput periculo ponere, Plaut.: exposer sa vie au danger. [st1]10 [-] supposer, admettre. - ponere vitae brevis signa raros dentes, Plin.: poser en principe que la rareté des dents présage une vie courte. [st1]11 [-] poser, déposer, mettre bas, mettre à l'écart, abandonner, quitter, laisser, laisser de côté, renoncer à. - ponere arma (= deponere arma): déposer les armes. - testamenti tabulas in aerario ponere, Caes.: déposer aux archives le texte d'un testament. - ponere tunicam: quitter la tunique. - vitam propera ponere, Plaut. Curc.: prépare-toi à quitter la vie. - ponere vitia, Cic. de Or. 3: se corriger de ses défauts. - ponere dolorem, Cic. Tusc. 3: laisser la douleur. - ut omnem pro me metum ponas, Plin. Ep. 5, 6: pour te délivrer de toute crainte à mon sujet. - pone moras et studium lucri, Hor. C. 4: ne tarde pas et ne recherche aucun intérêt. [st1]12 [-] absol. - cesser, se reposer; tomber, se calmer (en parl. du vent). - quum fera ponit hiems, Stat.: quand cesse le rude hiver. - zephyri posuere, Virg.: les vents ont cessé de souffler.* * *pōno, ĕre, pŏsŭi, pŏsĭtum - tr. - - posivi (arch.) = posui. [st1]1 [-] placer, établir, fixer, mettre, poser; disposer, arranger; instituer, établir. - ponere artus in littore, Virg.: [mettre ses membres sur le rivage] = s'étendre sur le rivage. - ponere ante oculos: placer sous les yeux. - ponere gladium ad caput, Sen.: placer un glaive à son chevet. - ponere caput suum periculo, Plaut.: exposer sa vie aux dangers, jouer sa tête. - ponere se toro, Ov.: s'étendre sur un lit. - ponere ova, Col.: pondre. - ubi pedem poneret non habebat, Cic. Fin. 4: (la Sagesse) n'avait pas où s'arrêter. - ponere aliquem principem, Nep.: placer qqn comme chef. - te ipsum frustraberis si non me in eo principem posueris, Nep.: tu te nuiras à toi-même si tu ne me fais pas chef de l'entreprise. - ponere leges: fixer des lois. [st1]2 [-] planter; ériger, dresser, bâtir, construire. - ponere piros, Virg.: planter des poiriers. - ponere semina, Virg.: semer. - positus: bâti, placé, situé. - Roma in montibus posita, Cic. Agr. 2: Rome bâtie sur des montagnes. - Delos in Aegaeo mari posita, Cic.: Délos située dans la mer Egée. - portus ex adverso urbi positus, Liv. 45, 5: port situé en face de la ville (de Rhodes). - ponere statuam alicui, Phaedr.: élever une statue à qqn. [st1]3 [-] mettre au tombeau, enterrer. - ponere terrā: ensevelir. [st1]4 [-] poser comme gage, proposer comme prix; au fig. risquer. - ponere (pignus): faire une gageure, gager. - pono pallium, Plaut.: je gage mon manteau. - ponere vitam pigneri, Plaut.: donner sa vie en gage. [st1]5 [-] dresser (la table), mettre sur la table, servir. - ponere mensam, Hor.: dresser la table. - ita ponito, Cato.: sers ainsi. - invitas ad aprum, ponis mihi porcum, Mart.: tu m'invites à manger du sanglier et tu me sers du porc. - pone ad Trebium, Juv. 5: sers Trébius. [st1]6 [-] déposer, placer (de l'argent). - ponere pecuniam in praedio, Cic.: placer son argent dans les terres. [st1]7 [-] au fig. employer, utiliser, appliquer, consacrer, passer (le temps). - ponere totum diem, Cic.: passer la journée entière. - ponere mensem in reditu, Cic.: mettre un mois à revenir. - ponere omnem curam, Cic.: appliquer tous ses soins. - quo ponam tempora modo? Ov.: comment dois-je employer mes loisirs? [st1]8 [-] mettre dans, mettre au nombre de, compter parmi, faire consister dans, faire dépendre de; au passif: dépendre de, reposer sur. - ponere mortem in malis, Cic.: mettre la mort au nombre des maux. - ponere aliquid in crimine, Cic.: regarder qqch comme un crime. - ponere aliquid in gloriā, Liv.: regarder qqch comme un honneur. - ponere aliquid in beneficii loco, Cic. Fam. 15: considérer qqch comme un bienfait. - ponere in vitiis, Nep.: mettre au nombre des vices. - positum esse in + abl.: consister en, dépendre de. - in te positum est ut: il dépend de toi que. [st1]9 [-] mettre en avant, exposer, représenter; avancer, prétendre, soutenir, affirmer, poser une question, proposer un sujet. - nunc hominem ponere, nunc deum, Hor.: représenter tantôt un homme, tantôt un dieu. - Orphea in medio posuit, Virg.: au milieu, il avait représenté Orphée. - ponere tabulam pictam, Plin.: représenter un tableau. - ponere aliquid in certo: affirmer qqch comme certain - caput periculo ponere, Plaut.: exposer sa vie au danger. [st1]10 [-] supposer, admettre. - ponere vitae brevis signa raros dentes, Plin.: poser en principe que la rareté des dents présage une vie courte. [st1]11 [-] poser, déposer, mettre bas, mettre à l'écart, abandonner, quitter, laisser, laisser de côté, renoncer à. - ponere arma (= deponere arma): déposer les armes. - testamenti tabulas in aerario ponere, Caes.: déposer aux archives le texte d'un testament. - ponere tunicam: quitter la tunique. - vitam propera ponere, Plaut. Curc.: prépare-toi à quitter la vie. - ponere vitia, Cic. de Or. 3: se corriger de ses défauts. - ponere dolorem, Cic. Tusc. 3: laisser la douleur. - ut omnem pro me metum ponas, Plin. Ep. 5, 6: pour te délivrer de toute crainte à mon sujet. - pone moras et studium lucri, Hor. C. 4: ne tarde pas et ne recherche aucun intérêt. [st1]12 [-] absol. - cesser, se reposer; tomber, se calmer (en parl. du vent). - quum fera ponit hiems, Stat.: quand cesse le rude hiver. - zephyri posuere, Virg.: les vents ont cessé de souffler.* * *Pono, ponis, posui, positum, pen. corr. ponere. Mettre, Poser.\Accusatorem ponere. Caelius ad Ciceronem. Suborner un accusateur pour deferer aucun.\Ponere ante oculos rem aliquam. Plin. La ramentevoir, La mettre au devant, Reduire à memoire, Mettre devant les yeulx.\Ponere in admirandis. Plinius. Raconter entre les choses merveilleuses.\Ponere aliquid in admiratione. Plin. S'esmerveiller de quelque chose.\Ponere in aequalitate. Cic. Estimer egualement autant l'un que l'autre.\Ponere aliquem in aequo duobus summis. Liuius. L'estimer autant que les deux plus grands.\Positus extra omnem ingenit aleam Cicero. Plin. Qui n'ha point son pareil.\Amplitudo ac dignitas omnis in virtute posita est. Cic. Gist, Consiste en vertu.\Animum, curam, cogitationemque suam in omnium laude vndique colligenda ponere. Cic. Mettre, Employer.\Aras ponere. Virgil. Edifier.\Posita in auribus omnium virtus alicuius. Cic. De laquelle tout le monde a ouy parler.\Beneficium apud aliquem bene ponere. Cic. Faire plaisir à un homme qui le vault, et le recongnoistra, et scaura bien rendre.\Caput ponere. Virgil. Reposer, ou mettre la teste sur le chevet, ou autre chose pour dormir.\Carinas ponere. Curt. Edifier, Bastir.\Castella ponere. Caes. Edifier et bastir.\Castra ponere. Caes. Asseoir le camp.\Velocis iaculi certamina ponit in vlmo. Virgil. Il attache au sommet d'un orme une longue perche, ayant au bout un gay ou papegau de bois, auquel les archiers tirent de fleiches pour gaigner le pris.\Ponere pro certo sum veritus. Liu. Je ne l'ay osé escrire asseureement, et pour certain, ne asseurer.\Ceruicem inflexam ponere. Virg. Cliner la teste pour dormir.\Posita in coniectura. Cic. Choses desquelles on peult faire quelque conjecture.\Consilium in fortuna positum. Cic. Gist au vouloir de fortune, C'est à fortune d'en disposer.\Ponere in contentione rem aliquam. Cic. La mettre en debat.\- vereor, ne isthaec pollicitatio Te in crimen populo ponat, atque infamiam. Plaut. Que cela ne t'engendre un grand blasme et diffame envers le peuple.\In nefario crimine, atque fraude capitali aliquid alicui ponere. Cic. Luy imputer à crime, etc.\In culpa sunt ac suspicione ponendi. Cic. Ils doibvent estre blasmez et souspeconnez.\Extra omnem culpam, causamque se ponere. Cic. Soy exempter de quelque blasme.\Curam in re aliqua ponere. Cic. En avoir cure et soing.\Custodes et limina ponere alicui. Propert. L'enfermer et luy bailler des gardes.\Custos in frumento publico est positus. Cic. On luy a baillé la charge de, etc.\Dies multos ponere in rem aliquam. Cic. Employer beaucoup de temps en quelque chose.\Haud in magno ponam discrimine. Liu. Je ne m'en soulcieray pas beaucoup, si on le croit, ou si on ne le croit pas.\Domos ponere sub terris. Virgil. Faire et bastir.\In dubio ponere. Liuius. Revoquer en doubte, Doubter de quelque chose.\Epulas ponere. Ouid. Mettre viandes sur table.\Exemplum ponere. Cic. Alleguer un exemple, Raconter.\Ponam in extremo, quod sentio. Cic. J'escriray à la fin de ma lettre ce que, etc.\Fidem pignori ponere pro aliquo. Plautus. Obliger sa foy pour aultruy.\Foedera sunt poneda prius. Propert. Il fault faire les alliances.\Formidinem improbis ponere. Cic. Leur bailler crainte.\Maiorem fructum ponere in perpetuitate laudis, quam in celeritate Praeturae. Cic. Estimer estre plus prouffitable.\Fundamenta ponere. Cic. Faire les fondements.\Positi in extremis et vltimis gentibus. Cic. Situez.\Suppliciter posito procubuere genu. Oui. Ils s'agenouillerent.\Ponere in gloria. Plinius. Estimer gloire et louange, Tourner à gloire.\Non equidem in gloria posuerim. Plin. Je n'estime pas cela gloire.\Qui ciuitatis incommodum in gloriam suam ponit. Sallustius. Qui se loue et glorifie d'avoir faict incommodité à la Republique.\Ponere aliquem in gratia, vel gratiam apud alterum. Cic. Mettre en grace.\Posita in oculis gratia. Cicero. Un plaisir faict en presence de touts.\Initia male ponere. Cic. Mal commencer.\Latus saxo ponere. Valer. Flac. Se coucher sur une roche.\Neque ego hoc in tua laude pono: alia sunt tua facta, atque consilia summa laude digna. Cic. Je ne compte pas cela parmi tes louanges.\Ponere in aequa, vel pari laude. Cic. Estimer autant l'un que l'autre. \ Leges ponere. Horat. Faire des loix.\Ponere in legibus. Cato. Escrire parmi les loix.\Ciuis hostis loco ponitur. Cic. Est reputé et tenu pour ennemi.\Ponere loco contumeliae, vel criminis aliquid alteri. Cic. Luy dire quelque chose par reproche, Luy reprocher quelque chose en lieu d'oultrage.\Ponere in beneficii loco. Cic. Estimer et tenir à grand plaisir.\Ponere in manu alicuius. Liu. En sa puissance.\Haec quae in medio posita sunt, commemoro: sunt alia magis occulta furta, quae ille, etc. Cic. Manifestes, et que chascun congnoist.\Merum ponere in gemma. Ouid. Verser du vin en un vaisseau de pierre precieuse.\Ponere aliquid in metu. Cic. Craindre.\Erat tuae virtutis, in minimis tuas res ponere, de Repub. vehementius laborare. Cic. Ne te chaloir pas tant de tes affaires, N'en tenir pas si grand compte, N'en estre point si songneux.\Positum in more et instituto maiorum. Cic. C'est une chose accoustumee de toute ancienneté.\Mortem in malis ponere. Cicero. La compter entre les mauvaises choses.\Quoniam tantum in ea arte ponitis. Cic. Vous vous fiez tant en cest art.\Ponere multum in fortuna. Cic. Estimer beaucoup de fortune, S'y fier fort.\Ponere multum in fide alicuius. Cic. Se fier fort en aucun, Estimer beaucoup de sa fidelité.\Munus bene positum. Liu. Un present et don faict à homme qui en estoit digne, et qui le recongnoistra.\Niues positae. Horat. Tombees sur terre et assises.\Nomina rebus ponere. Cic. Bailler nom, Imposer nom.\De rebus ante oculos positis disputare. Cic. Des choses cleres et manifestes, Où il n'y a nulle doubte.\Quod erat ante oculos positum. Cic. Dont il ne povoit estre aucun doubte, De quoy on ne povoit doubter.\Ante oculos ponere sibi. Ouid. Se mettre quelque chose devant les yeulx, Y penser et la considerer.\Operam ponere. Plaut. Mettre et employer sa peine en quelque chose.\Bene opera posita. Cic. Peine bien employee.\Ponere operam alicui. Cic. Entendre à son affaire.\Opus aliquod ponere. Horat. Faire.\Orationem longam in aliqua re ponere. Cic. Employer.\Ponere in ordinem. Varro. Mettre en ordre.\Otia recte ponere. Horat. Ordonner, Disposer.\Oua ponere dicitur gallina. Colum. Pondre.\Pecuniam in aliquo oppido ponere. Cic. L'amasser et serrer.\Pecuniam ponere. Horat. Bailler à usure et interest.\Gruibus pedicas, et ponere retia ceruis. Virgil. Tendre aux grues, etc.\Si in fundo pedem posuisses. Cic. Si tu eusses mis le pied et entré.\Poni post aliquem. Ouid. Estre postposé à luy, et moins estimé.\Homines eo animo, vt quaecunque dicendi potestas esset data, in honore atque in beneficio ponerent. Cic. Qui estoyent de telle sorte, que quelque cause qu'on leur apportast à plaider, s'en tenoyent bien fiers et bien prisez.\Principem aliquem ponere. Cic. L'estimer le plus grand entre autres.\Ponere in promptu, et Contegere siue abdere, contraria. Cic. Descouvrir, et mettre devant touts.\Retia ponere. Ouid. Tendre des rets.\Rudimenta virtutis ponere sub aliquo. Quintil. Faire son apprentissage, Apprendre soubs aucun à estre vertueux.\Omnem rationem salutis in pecunia ponere. Cic. Mettre tout son salut en l'argent.\Quum se, siquid postea fraudis aut vitii euenisset, extra omnem culpam, causamque posuisset. Cic. Apres s'estre exempté du danger de povoir estre reprins s'il en advenoit par apres aucune faulte.\Se totum in re aliqua ponere. Cic. S'y mettre du tout.\Toro se ponere. Ouid. Se coucher.\Semina ponere humo. Propert. Semer.\Sententiam suam ponere. Quintil. Escrire et mettre son opinion.\In solem ponere. Cato. Mettre au soleil.\Neque spem ponas me bonae frugi fore. Plautus. N'espere point que, etc.\Ponere sibi aliquid in spe optima. Cic. Esperer fort bien de quelque chose, L'interpreter en bonne partie.\Studium suum et officium apud aliquem bene ponere. Cic. Ne perdre pas sa peine à faire plaisir à aucun.\Tantum studium in eo ponendum non arbitrantur. Cic. Qu'on y doyve employer si grande peine, et y tant travailler.\Ponere summum bonum in virtute. Cic. Estimer vertu estre le souverain bien.\Sumptus nusquam melius potest poni. Cic. On ne scauroit mieulx employer son argent qu'en cela.\Templa, statuas ponere alicui. Virgil. Eslever et dresser, Edifier.\Tempus et diem ponere. Ouid. Employer son temps.\Ponere multum temporis in aliquo loco. Cic. Y demourer longuement.\Ponere aliquid in transuersum. Plin. Mettre de travers.\Tyrocinium ponere. Liu. Faire son chef d'oeuvre.\Venenum ponere alicui cum cibo. Liu. L'empoisonner.\Hoc verbum in quo homine ponimus? Cic. A quel personnage donnons nous ce tiltre?\Ponere verba alicuius in re aliqua. Plin. Mettre la teneur de ses parolles, et les transcrire de mot à mot.\Vbicunque posuit vestigia. Cic. Par tout où il est passé.\Vitam ponere in administratione Reip. Cic. Exposer sa vie.\Vitem ponere. Colum. Planter.\Ponere in vitio dictionem aliquam. Cic. L'entendre en maulvaise partie, La tourner en mal.\In vltimis ponere. Plin. Estimer des moindres.\Vrbem ponere. Ouid. Edifier.\In vsu positum. Cic. Dequoy on se sert.\Positus extra vulgarem vsum. Quintil. Dequoy on n'use point communeement.\Ponere iubebam de quo quis audire vellet. Cic. Proposer et mettre en avant.\Quum venti posuere, omnisque repente resedit Flatus. Virgil. Cesserent.\Ponunt ferocia corda. Virgil. Delaissent leur felon courage, ou S'addoulcissent.\Ponere de manibus. Cic. Oster de ses mains et mettre en quelque lieu.\Ambages ponere. Ouid. Venir au poinct.\Feroces animos ponere. Liu. Delaisser son felon courage.\Arma poni iubet, fatentes se victos. Liu. Mettre jus.\Armis positis substitit pars vtraque. Oui. Les armes mises jus.\Barbam ponere. Sueton. Faire couper sa barbe.\Ponere caput. Horat. Baisser, Encliner.\Consilium ponere. Plin. iunior. Delaisser son entreprinse.\Coronam ponere, luctus gratia. Cic. Desmettre, Mettre jus.\Curam ponere. Liu. Mettre hors toute crainte et soulci.\Dolorem ponere. Cic. Delaisser sa douleur et tristesse.\Seras posuit quum vinea frondes. Virgil. Quand les fueilles des vignes son cheutes.\Imperium ponere. Martial. Se desmettre de, etc.\Inuidiam ponere. Cic. Laisser son envie.\Metum ponere. Plin. iunior. Delaisser crainte.\Minas ponit mare. Lucret. La mer s'appaise.\Onus vteri positum est. Ouid. Elle a enfanté.\Quum perfricuit frontem, posuitque pudorem. Martial. S'est eshonté.\Spem ponere. Ouid. Perdre toute esperance.\Tunicam ponere. Cic. Mettre jus.\Virginitas posita. Ouid. Perdue.\Vitam ponere. Propert. Mourir.\Vitia ponere. Cic. Delaisser vices.\Ponis mihi porcum. Martial. Tu me sers de porceau sur table.\Ponere freta. Horat. Appaiser et faire cesser la tormente de mer.\Solers nunc hominem ponere, nunc Deum. Horat. Tu peins maintenant un homme, etc.\Ponere pallium, aut aliquid aliud. Plaut. Mettre en gage.\Pone eum esse victum. Terentius. Prends le cas qu'il soit vaincu, Pose le cas, etc.\Ponunt philosophi. Plin. Ils escrivent que, etc.\Sed primum positum sit, nosmetipsos commendatos esse nobis. Cic. Tenons pour arresté.\Est enim totum positum in te. Cic. Il est en toy que la chose se face, ou non, Tout gist en toy. -
12 solutum
solvo, solvi, solutum, 3, v. a. ( perf. soluit, trisyll., Cat. 2, 13:I. A.soluisse,
Tib. 4, 5, 16) [for se-luo; cf. socors for se-cords], to loosen an object from any thing, to release or to loose, remove any thing which binds or restrains another.In a corporeal sense.1.Outwardly, to release.a.From fetters or custody, to free, set free, release; absol.:b.solvite istas,
i. e. from fetters, Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 64:solvite istum,
id. Mil. 5, 32:numquam, nisi me orassis, solves,
id. Ep. 5, 2, 62:jube solvi (eum),
Ter. And. 5, 4, 52:ad palum adligati repente soluti sunt,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 5, § 11:ut vincti solvantur,
id. ib. 2, 5, 6, §12: qui in compedibus corporis semper fuerunt, etiam cum soluti sunt, tardius ingrediuntur,
id. Tusc. 1, 31, 75:ita nexi soluti (sunt),
Liv. 8, 28, 9:solvite me, pueri,
Verg. E. 6, 24:fore ut brevi solveretur,
Suet. Vesp. 5; id. Tib. 65; id. Vit. 12.—With abl.:canis solutus catena,
Phaedr. 3, 7, 20. — Transf., from the fetter of frost:solutis amnibus (i. e. frigoris vinculo),
Stat. Th. 5, 15:terrae quem (florem) ferunt solutae,
Hor. C. 1, 4, 10.—From reins, ties, bands, etc.: solve senescentem equum, from the rein, i. e. dismiss him from service, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 8:c.solverat sol equos,
unhitched, Stat. Th. 3, 407: currum solvere (i. e. ab equis, poet. for equos a curru), Sen. Thyest. 794: solvere epistulam, i. e. from the string by which it was tied (= to open), Nep. Hann. 11, 3:et tibi sollicita solvitur illa (epistula) manu,
Ov. Tr. 5, 2, 2:et jacet in gremio charta soluta meo,
id. H. 11, 4:praecepit suis ne sarcinas solverent, aut onera deponerent,
Front. Strat. 1, 5, 3.—So of garments and sails, to unfurl, unfold: cum tunica soluta inambularet, Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 32, 3; Front. Strat. 4, 1, 26:soluta toga,
Quint. 11, 3, 147:vela solvere,
Verg. A. 4, 574.—From any fastening (mostly poet. and post-Aug. prose), to detach from; constr. absol., or with ab or de, and abl.:d.Caucasia solvet de rupe Promethei bracchia,
Prop. 2, 1, 69:fraxinus solvitur,
from the ground, Stat. Th. 9, 498:ceciditque soluta pinus,
id. ib. 9, 409; cf.:pinus radice soluta, deficit,
id. S. 5, 1, 152:solutis radicibus arbusta procumbunt,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 5:accepi epistulam quam, ut scribis, ancora soluta de phaselo dedisti, i. e. a litore,
detached, Cic. Att. 1, 13, 1 B. and K. (al. sublata;but soluta is perh. an error of Cic. in the use of a technical term, v Orell. ad loc.).—In the same sense: solvere retinacula classis,
Ov. M. 15, 696; 8, 102:querno solvunt de stipite funem,
id. F. 4, 333:fune soluto Currit in immensum carina,
id. Am. 2, 11, 23:curvo solves viscera cultro (i. e. de corpore ferarum),
Sen. Hippol. 53.—Of rain disengaged from the clouds:imber caelesti nube solutus,
Ov. A. A. 2, 237: (Lunam) imperfecta vi solvere tantum umorem, disengage only the moisture, i. e. from the earth:cum solis radii absumant,
Plin. 2, 9, 6, § 45:solutum a latere pugionem,
detached from his side, Suet. Vit. 15.—Esp., of ships: navem solvere, to free a ship from the land, i. e. to set sail, weigh anchor, leave land, depart.(α).With acc. alone:(β).eisce confectis navem solvimus,
Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 91:navim cupimus solvere,
id. Mil. 4, 7, 17:naves solvit,
Caes. B. G. 4, 36; 5, 8; id. B. C. 1, 28; 3, 14; 3, 26;3, 102: primis tenebris solvit navem,
Liv. 45, 6:postero die solvere naves (jussi),
id. 29, 25 fin.; Nep. Hann. 8, 2:classem solvere,
Liv. 45, 41; Prop. 3, 7 (4, 6), 23.—With ab and abl.:(γ).navis a terra solverunt,
Caes. B. C. 3, 101:quinto inde die quam ab Corintho solverit naves,
Liv. 31, 7 med.:solvunt a litore puppes,
Luc. 2, 649.—With ex and abl.:(δ).nam noctu hac soluta est navis nostra e portu Persico,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 259:interea e portu nostra navis solvitur,
id. Bacch. 2, 3, 54.—With abl.:(ε).complures mercatores Alexandria solvisse,
Cic. Off. 3, 12, 50:portu solventibus,
id. Mur. 2, 4.—Absol. (sc. navem or naves):(ζ).tertia fere vigilia solvit,
Caes. B. G. 4, 23:nos eo die cenati solvimus,
Cic. Fam. 16, 9, 2:altero die quam a Brundusio solvit,
Liv. 31, 14 init.:qui inde solverant,
Val. Max. 1, 7, 3:solvi mare languido,
Sen. Ep. 53, 1:fortasse etiam ventis minantibus solves,
id. Ben. 2, 35, 5:non eadem est his et illis causa solvendi,
making sea-voyages, id. Q. N. 5, 18, 16.—With navis, etc., as subj., to leave the land (sc. se a litore):(η).naves XVIII. ex superiore portu solverunt,
Caes. B. G. 4, 28; and by another change of construction: solvimus oram, we freed the shore, i.e. from the ship, Quint. 4, 2, 41; id. Ep. ad Tryph. 3.—Poet. usages:e.de litore puppis solvit iter,
clears the voyage, Stat. S. 5, 1, 243:nec tibi Tyrrhena solvatur funis harena,
Prop. 1, 8, 11 (cf.: retinacula solvere, c. supra).—Of secretions from the body ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):2.tempore eo quo menstrua solvit,
Lucr. 6, 706:cruor solvitur,
Stat. Th. 9, 530:lacrimas solvere,
id. Achill. 2, 256:solutis lacrimis,
Claud. Ruf. 2, 258; so,partus solvere,
to bear, bring forth, be delivered of offspring, Ov. F. 3, 258; Stat. Th. 5, 461; Plin. 28, 3, 6, § 33; 32, 1, 1, § 6.—To loosen an object from that which holds it together, to break up, part, dissolve, disperse, divide, take apart, scatter.a.In gen.:b.omne colligatum solvi potest,
Cic. Fin. 11.—Of structures ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):c.solvere naves et rursus conjungere,
Curt. 8, 10, 3:solvere quassatae parcite membra ratis,
Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 2:dubitavit an solveret pontem,
Curt. 4, 16, 8:solvere pontem,
Tac. A. 1, 69:si pons solutus sit,
Dig. 2, 11, 2, § 7:solutus pons tempestatibus,
Just. 2, 13, 9:currum (solis) solutum,
Manil. 1, 740.—Of woven stuff:d.solvens texta,
Prop. 2, 9, 6.—Of mountains:e.utrimque montes solvit (Hercules),
Sen. Herc. Fur. 237:tridente Neptunus montem solvit,
id. Agam. 553.—Of the neck:f.soluta cervix silicis impulsu,
broken, Sen. Troad. 1119.—Of a comet:g.momentum quo cometes solutus et in duas partes redactus est,
Sen. Q. N. 7, 16, 3.—Of the hair, to loosen, untie, let fall:h.solve capillos,
Ov. Am. 3, 9, 3:crinem,
id. A. A. 3, 784; id. M. 11, 682; 13, 584; Prop. 2, 15 (3, 7), 46:comas casside,
Ov. F. 3, 2; cf. id. ib. 4, 854.—Of the earth (so mostly P. a., q. v. infra;3.post-Aug.): ita in terrae corpore evenit ut partes ejus vetustate solvantur, solutae cadant,
Sen. Q. N. 6, 10, 2:ubi montis latus nova ventis solvit hiems,
Stat. Th. 7, 745. —To dissolve; pass., to be dissolved, changed, to pass over into ( poet. and postclass. for dissolvere, or transire in); constr. absol., or with in and acc.(α).Of a change into air or gas:(β).calor mobiliter solvens, differt primordia vini,
dissolving, parts the molecules of the wine, Lucr. 6, 235:nam materiai copia ferretur per inane soluta,
id. 1, 1018; so id. 1, 1103:ita fatus in aera rursus solvitur,
Stat. Th. 5, 285;nec in aera solvi Passa, recentem animam caelestibus intulit astris,
Ov. M. 15, 845.—Into a liquid, to melt:(γ).saepe terra in tabem solvitur,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 15, 7:terram quam diximus esse mutabilem et solvi in umorem,
id. ib. 3, 29, 4:nullum tellus se solvit in amnem,
Luc. 2, 408; ipsum in conubia terrae Aethera, cum pluviis rarescunt nubila, solvo, dissolve into the embrace of the earth, i. e. change into rain, Stat. S. 1, 2, 186:ex Aethiopiae jugis solutas nives ad Nilum decurrere,
Sen. Q. N. 4, 2, 17; so,nivem solvere,
id. ib. 4, 5, 2; Ov. Am. 3, 6, 93; Sen. Herc. Oet. 729:rigor auri solvitur aestu,
Lucr. 1, 493:ferrum calidi solvant camini,
Manil. 4, 250:cerae igne solutae,
Ov. A. A. 2, 47:Iris cum vino triduo non solvitur,
Plin. 21, 20, 83, § 142:(herba) quinto die solvitur,
id. 26, 14, 88, § 148.—Of putrefaction:(δ).(vitulo) per integram solvuntur viscera pellem,
Verg. G. 4, 302.—Of change in general:(ε).inque novas abiit massa soluta domos,
Ov. F. 1, 108:repentino crementur incendio, atque ex tanta varietate solvantur atque eant in unum omnia (sc. all the heavenly bodies),
Sen. Ben. 6, 22.—Of expansion by heat:(ζ). (η).(uva) cum modo frigoribus premitur, modo solvitur aestu,
Ov. A. A. 2, 317.—Solvi in, to pass into, become:4.in cacumine (herbae) capitula purpurea quae solvantur in lanugines,
Plin. 27, 8, 39, § 61.—Of a wave:donec in planitiem immotarum aquarum solvatur,
disappears in, Sen. Q. N. 1, 2, 2:postremi (equi) solvuntur in aequora pisces (= solvuntur in pisces),
Stat. Th. 2, 47: lumina in lacrimas solventur, stream with tears. —Hence, solvere, causative, to make pass over, to make vanish in: circulum in pulverem, in quo descriptus est, solvere, Sen. Ep. 74, 27: soluti agri, the boundaries of which are effaced, Sic. Fl. Cond. Agr. p. 3 Goes.—To consume, to destroy, dissolve:B.solvere orbes,
Manil. 1, 497:ni calor et ventus... interemant sensum diductaque solvant (i.e. sensum),
Lucr. 3, 287:(Cato) ferrei prope corporis animique, quem ne senectus quidem, quae solvit omnia, fregerit,
Liv. 39, 40, 11:si (cometae) sunt purus ignis... nec illos conversio mundi solvit,
Sen. Q. N. 7, 2, 2:(turbo) ab eo motu, qui universum trahit, solveretur,
id. ib. 7, 9, 4:tabes solvit corpora,
Luc. 6, 18; 7, 809:nec solum silvas, sed saxa ingentia solvit (ignis),
id. 3, 506:ne tegat functos humus, ne solvat ignis,
Sen. Thyest. 750.—So, vitam solvere, to extinguish life, esp. of gradual or easy death:solvas potius (vitam), quam abrumpas, dummodo, si alia solvendi ratio non erit, vel abrumpas,
Sen. Ep. 22, 3:hanc mihi solvite vitam,
Prop. 2, 9, 39.—Trop.1.To free, release, loose, emancipate, set free; constr. absol., with abl. or ab and abl.; rarely with gen.a.From the body, etc.:b.teque isto corpore solvo,
Verg. A. 4, 703:soluta corpore anima,
Quint. 5, 14, 13:qui solutas vinculis animas recipit,
Sen. Cons. 28, 8: si animus somno relaxatus solute (i. e. free from the shackles of the body) moveatur ac libere, Cic. Div. 2, 48, 100:vocem solvere,
to set free the voice, to speak, Stat. S. 3, 1; Sen. Thyest. 682; so, responsa solve (pregn. = utter and disclose), Sen. Oedip. 292:suspiria solvit,
Stat. Th. 11, 604:solvat turba jocos,
Sen. Med. 114:solutos Qui captat risus hominum (= quem juvat risus hominum solvere),
Hor. S. 1, 4, 83:Ausonii... versibus incomptis ludunt risuque soluto,
unrestrained, free, Verg. G. 2, 386.—Of members or parts of the body: linguam solvere, to unfetter the tongue (sc. vinculis oris), to give flow to words:c.linguam (Juno) ad jurgia solvit,
Ov. M. 3, 261:lingua devincta nec in motus varios soluta,
Sen. Ira, 1, 3, 7:ut quisque contemptissimus est, ita linguae solutissimae est,
id. Const. 11, 3:(fama) innumeras solvit in praeconia linguas,
Luc. 1, 472. —Solvere bracchia, poet., to unfetter the arms, i. e. to move them:magna difficili solventem bracchia motu,
Stat. Achill. 1, 604; cf.of the free motions of animals: columbae soluto volatu multum velociores,
unrestrained flight, Plin. 10, 36, 52, § 108.—From obligations and debts:d.solvit me debito,
Sen. Ben. 6, 4, 1:an nos debito solverit,
id. Ep. 81, 3:ut religione civitas solvatur,
Cic. Caecin. 34, 98; Liv. 7, 3, 9:te decem tauri... Me tener solvet vitulus (sc. religione),
Hor. C. 4, 2, 54.—So from a military oath:hoc si impetro, solvo vos jurejurando,
Just. 14, 4, 7.—Sacramento or militia solvere, to dismiss a soldier from service:sacramento solvi,
Tac. A. 16, 13:cum quis propter delictum sacramento solvitur,
Dig. 49, 16, 13:militia solvere,
Tac. A. 1, 44.— Munere (publico) solvere, to exempt from public duties:ut Ilienses publico munere solverentur,
Tac. A. 12, 58.—With obj. inf.:ut manere solveretur,
that he should be excused from the duty of remaining, Tac. A. 3, 29.—From guilt and sin, to acquit, absolve, cleanse (cf. absolvere, to acquit of crime):e.si ille huic (insidias fecerit), ut scelere solvamur,
be held guiltless, Cic. Mil. 12, 31:atque hunc ille summus vir scelere solutum periculo liberavit,
id. ib. 4, 9:sit capitis damno Roma soluta mei,
Ov. F. 6, 452:ipsum quoque Pelea Phoci Caede per Haemonias solvit Acastus aquas,
id. ib. 2, 40:Helenen ego crimine solvo,
id. A. A. 2, 371:quid crimine solvis Germanum?
Stat. Th. 11, 379:solutam caede Gradivus manum restituit armis,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 1342. —From feelings, etc.:f.quae eos qui quaesissent cura et negotio solverent,
Cic. Rep. 1, 18, 30:cum ego vos solvi curis ceteris,
Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 33:senatus cura belli solutus,
Plin. 22, 3, 4, § 7:pectus linquunt cura solutum,
Lucr. 2, 45:his terroribus ab Epicuro soluti et in libertatem vindicati,
Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 56:soluti metu,
Liv. 41, 14 init.; 27, 51:solvent formidine terras,
Verg. E. 4, 14:solve metu patriam,
Prop. 4 (5), 6, 41:metu belli Scythas solvit,
Just. 9, 2, 2; so id. 14, 2, 5:haec est Vita solutorum misera ambitione,
Hor. S. 1, 6, 129:soluti a cupiditatibus,
Cic. Agr. 1, 9, 27:his concitationibus quem vacuum, solutum, liberum videris,
id. Tusc. 5, 15, 43: et tu solve me dementia, [p. 1726] Hor. Epod. 17, 43:longo luctu,
Verg. A. 2, 26:tristem juventam solve (i. e. juventam tristitia),
Sen. Hippol. 450:solvite tantis animum monstris, solvite, superi,
id. Herc. Fur. 1063:Quis te solvere Thessalis Magus venenis poterit?
Hor. C. 1, 27, 21. — Poet.:solvit animis miracula (for animos miraculis),
the soul from superstition, Manil. 1, 103.—And of animals:rabie tigrim,
Manil. 5, 707.— Absol.:ut ad praecepta quae damus possit ire animus, solvendus est (i. e. perturbationibus),
Sen. Ep. 95, 38:calices, quem non fecere contracta in paupertate solutum?
i. e. from cares, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 20:solvite animos,
Manil. 4, 12.—With in:vix haec in munera solvo animum,
i. e. free it from passions and so make it fit for these duties, Stat. S. 5, 3, 33.—From sleep, very rare:g.ego somno solutus sum,
awoke, Cic. Rep. 6, 26, 29 (cf.: somno solvi, to be overwhelmed by sleep, 2. b, g infra).—From labor, business, etc.:h.volucres videmus... solutas opere volitare,
Cic. Or. 2, 6, 23:solutus onere regio, regni bonis fruor,
Sen. Oedip. 685.— Poet.:Romulus excubias decrevit in otia solvi,
to be relieved from guard and enjoy leisure, Prop. 4 (5), 4, 79.—From rigidity, austerity, stiffness, etc., to relax, smooth, unbend, quiet, soothe ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):k.frontem solvere disce,
Mart. 14, 183:saltem ora trucesque solve genas,
Stat. Th. 11, 373:solvit feros tunc ipse rictus,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 797.— Poet.:solvatur fronte senectus = frons senectute (i. e. rugis), solvatur,
be cleared, Hor. Epod. 13, 5:vultum risu solvit,
relieves, Val. Max. 4, 3, 5:risum judicis movendo, et illos tristes affectus solvit, et animum renovat,
Quint. 6, 3, 1; so,solvere judicem,
unbend, excite his laughter, id. 11, 3, 3:solvere qui (potui) Curios Fabriciosque graves (sc. risu),
Mart. 9, 28 (29), 4:ut tamen arctum Solveret hospitiis animum,
Hor. S. 2, 6, 83:cujus non contractum sollicitudine animum illius argutiae solvant?
Sen. Cons. Helv. 18, 5.— Transf., pregn.:solventur risu tabulae,
i. e. the austerity of the judge will be relaxed by laughter, and the complaint dismissed, Hor. S. 2, 1, 86.—Imitated:quia si aliquid omiserimus, cum risu quoque tota res solvitur,
Quint. 5, 10, 67.—From any cause of restraint.(α).To release from siege:(β).Bassanitas obsidione solvere,
Liv. 44, 30:patriam obsidione solvere,
Val. Max. 3, 2, 2. —From moral restraints:l.hic palam cupiditates suas solvit,
gave vent to, Curt. 6, 6, 1; v. also P. a., B. 7. infra.—From laws and rules: legibus solvere.(α).To exempt from laws, i. e. by privilege:(β).Vopiscus, qui ex aedilitate consulatum petit, solvatur legibus,
Cic. Phil. 11, 5, 11:cur M. Brutus legibus est solutus, si, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 13, 31:ut interea magistratus reliquos, legibus omnibus soluti, petere possetis,
id. Agr. 2, 36, 99:Lurco, tribunus plebis, solutus est (et lege Aelia et Furia),
id. Att. 1, 16, 13:solvatne legibus Scipionem,
Auct. Her. 3, 2, 2:petente Flacco ut legibus solverentur,
Liv. 31, 50, 8:Scipio legibus solutus est,
id. Epit. 56:Licet enim, inquiunt, legibus soluti sumus, attamen legibus vivimus,
Just. Inst. 2, 17, 8; cf.:ut munere vigintiviratus solveretur,
Tac. A. 3, 29.— Transf., of the laws of nature, etc.:(aestus) illo tempore, solutus legibus, sine modo fertur,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 28, 6:solus (sapiens) generis humani legibus solvitur,
id. Brev. Vit. 15, 5:nec leti lege solutas,
Lucr. 3, 687:nec solvo Rutulos (i. e. legibus fati),
Verg. A. 10, 111.— With gen. (cf. libero), perh. only in phrase testamenti solvere, to release from a testamentary disposition:et is per aes et libram heredes testamenti solveret,
Cic. Leg. 2, 20, 51; 2, 21, 53 (less prop. testamenti is taken as attribute of heredes); cf. Gai. Inst. 3, 175, and Hor. C. 3, 17, 16, P. a., B. 5. fin. infra.—Legibus solutus, not subject to, released from:2. (α).reus Postumus est ea lege... solutus ac liber,
i. e. the law does not apply to him, Cic. Rab. Post. 5, 12:soluti (lege Julia) huc convenistis, ne constricti discedatis cavete,
id. ib. 7, 18.—Of other laws:solutus Legibus insanis,
Hor. S. 2, 6, 68:quae sedes expectent animam solutam legibus servitutis humanae,
Sen. Ep. 65, 20.— Transf., of things: soluta legibus scelera sunt, unrestrained by the laws, i. e. crimes are committed with impunity, Sen. Ben. 7, 27, 1.— Of the laws of versification: numerisque fertur Lege solutis, referring to dithyrambic measures, Hor. C. 4, 2, 12 (cf. P. a., B. 11. infra).—Of troops, ranks, etc.:(β).ubi ordines procursando solvissent,
Liv. 42, 65, 8:incomposito agmine, solutis ordinibus,
Curt. 8, 1, 5; so id. 8, 4, 6:agmina Diductis solvere choris,
Verg. A. 5, 581:solvit maniplos,
Juv. 8, 154:solvuntur laudata cohors,
Stat. Achill. 2, 167.—Hence, to separate armies engaged in battle:commissas acies ego possum solvere,
Prop. 4 (5), 4, 59.—Of banquets, assemblies, etc.:(γ).convivio soluto,
Liv. 40, 14 fin.:convivium solvit,
Curt. 8, 5, 24; 8, 6, 16:Quid cessas convivia solvere?
Ov. F. 6, 675:coetuque soluto Discedunt,
id. M. 13, 898.—Hence, urbem (Capuam) solutam ac debilitatam reliquerunt, disfranchised, Cic. Agr. 2, 33, 91.—Of the words in discourse, orationem or versum solvere, to break up a sentence or verse:3.(discant) versus primo solvere, mox mutatis verbis interpretari,
Quint. 1, 9, 2:quod cuique visum erit vehementer, dulciter, speciose dictum, solvat ac turbet,
id. 9, 4, 14:ut partes orationis sibi soluto versu desideret et pedum proprietates,
id. 1, 8, 13:non, ut si solvas Postquam discordia tetra, etc., invenias etiam disjecti membra poetae,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 60.—Implying a change for the worse.a.To relax, make effeminate, weaken, by ease, luxury, dissipation, etc. (post-Aug.):b.Hannibalem hiberna solverunt,
Sen. Ep. 51, 5:usque eo nimio delicati animi languore solvuntur,
Sen. Brev. Vit. 12, 6:infantiam statim deliciis solvimus,
Quint. 1, 2, 6:solutus luxu,
id. 3, 8, 28; so Tac. A. 11, 31.—With in and acc.:soluti in luxum,
Tac. H. 2, 99:in lasciviam,
id. ib. 3, 38.— Transf.: versum solvere, to deprive a verse of its proper rhythm:si quinque continuos dactylos confundas solveris versum,
Quint. 9, 4, 49.—To make torpid by removing sensation.(α).To relax, benumb the limbs or body;(β).as by narcotics, terror, sickness, exhaustion: multaque praeterea languentia membra per artus solvunt,
Lucr. 6, 798:ima Solvuntur latera,
Verg. G. 3, 523:solvi debilitate corporis,
paralyzed, Val. Max. 1, 7, 4:ut soluto labitur moriens gradu,
Sen. Hippol. 368.—In mal. part., Hor. Epod. 12, 8; cf. Verg. G. 3, 523.— Poet.:illum aget, penna metuente solvi, Fama superstes,
Hor. C. 2, 2, 7.—Of the mind:segnitia (oratoris) solvit animos,
wearies, Quint. 11, 3, 52:mentes solvere,
to make insane, Plin. 25, 3, 7, § 25.—By frost ( poet.):(γ).solvuntur illi frigore membra,
Verg. A. 12, 951; 1, 92.—By sleep ( poet. for sopio):(δ).homines volucresque ferasque Solverat alta quies,
Ov. M. 7, 186:corpora somnus Solverat,
id. ib. 10, 369:molli languore solutus,
id. ib. 11, 648;11, 612: altoque sopore solutum,
id. ib. 8, 817:somno vinoque solutos,
id. F. 2, 333; Verg. A. 9, 236:ut membra solvit sopor,
id. ib. 12, 867:non solvit pectora somnus,
Sen. Agam. 76.—With in:solvitur in somnos,
Verg. A. 4, 530.— Transf., of the sea:aequor longa ventorum pace solutum,
lulled to sleep, Stat. Th. 3, 255.—By death: solvi, to die ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):4.ipse deus, simulatque volam, me solvet,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 78:corporibus quae senectus solvit,
Curt. 89, 32 (cf. A. 4. supra):(corpus) quam nullo negotio solvitur,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 2:alius inter cenandum solutus est,
id. Ep. 66, 43:ubicumque arietaveris, solveris,
id. Cons. Marc. 11, 3:me fata maturo exitu facilique solvant,
Sen. Troad. 605:solvi inedia,
Petr. 111:sic morte quasi somno soluta est,
Flor. 2, 21, 11.—Hence,Of logical dissolution, to refute:b.non tradit Epicurus quomodo captiosa solvantur,
how fallacies are refuted, Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 22:argumentum solvere,
Quint. 2, 17, 34:solutum scies quod nobis opponitur,
Sen. Const. 12, 3.—To disperse, dispel, as of a cloud:II. A.deorum beneficia tempestiva ingentes minas interventu suo solventia,
Sen. Ben. 4, 4, 2.In a corporeal sense.1.In gen., to loose (weaker than rumpo;2.post-Aug.): effringere quam aperire, rumpere quam solvere putant robustius,
Quint. 2, 12, 1:qua convulsa tota operis colligatio solveretur,
Val. Max. 8, 14, 6:supera compage soluta,
Stat. Th. 8, 31.—To remove a fetter, bridle, etc.:3.nullo solvente catenas,
Ov. M. 3, 700: vincla jugis boum, Tib. 2, 1, 7:solvere frenum,
Phaedr. 1, 2, 3:loris solutis,
Ov. A. A. 1, 41.— Transf., of prisons:qui, solutis ergastulis, exercitus numerum implevit,
Liv. Ep. 56; Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 10, 13; 11, 13, 2.—Of frost:gelu solvitur,
it thaws, Tac. H. 1, 79:solvitur acris hiems,
Hor. C. 1, 4, 1.—Of clouds:facit igitur ventum resoluta nubes, quae plurimis modis solvitur,
Sen. Q. N. 5, 12, 5; 5, 12, 1.—Of the grasp of hands, fingers, etc.:Aeacides a corpore bracchia solvit,
looses his hold, Ov. M. 11, 246:indigno non solvit bracchia collo,
Stat. Th. 5, 217:digitis solutis abjecit jaculum,
id. ib. 8, 585.—To untie a string, cord, necklace, etc., slacken or unlock an enclosure, open a box, trunk, etc.:B.solve vidulum ergo,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 98:eam solve cistulam,
id. Am. 2, 2, 151:solve zonam,
untie, id. Truc. 5, 62:solvisse jugalem ceston fertur,
Stat. Th. 5, 62:animai nodos a corpore solvit,
Lucr. 2, 950:nihil interest quomodo (nodi) solvantur,
Curt. 3, 1, 18:quid boni est, nodos operose solvere, quos ipse ut solveres feceris?
Sen. Ben. 5, 12, 2:solvere nodum,
Stat. Th. 11, 646:laqueum quem nec solvere possis, nec abrumpere,
Sen. Tranq. 10, 1:vix solvi duros a pectore nexus,
Ov. M. 9, 58:fasciam solve,
Sen. Ep. 80, 10:solutis fasciis,
Curt. 7, 6, 5:solvi fasciculum,
Cic. Att. 11, 9, 2:crinales vittas,
Verg. A. 7, 403:Parmenion vinculum epistulae solvens,
Curt. 7, 2, 25:equum empturus solvi jubes stratum,
Sen. Ep. 80, 9:redimicula solvite collo,
Ov. F. 4, 135:corollas de fronte,
Prop. 1, 3, 21:solvere portas,
Stat. Th. 3, 492:munimina valli,
id. ib. 12, 10:ille pharetram Solvit,
Ov. M. 5, 380.— Transf., of the veins as enclosures of the blood:solutis ac patefactis venis,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 15, 5:venam cultello solvere,
Col. 6, 14; cf.also: lychnis alvum solvit,
looses the bowels, Plin. 21, 26, 98, § 171; 21, 20, 83, § 140; Suet. Vesp. 24; Tac. A. 12, 67:ventrem,
Plin. 20, 8, 30, § 74.— Absol. (sc. alvum), Mart. 13, 29:stomachus solutus = venter solutus,
loose bowels, Petr. 117; Scrib. Comp. 92.—Trop., to slacken or remove a bond.1.Solvere aliquid (aliquod vinculum; cf. I. B. 1. supra).a.Of the mouth, etc., to open:b.talibus ora solvit verbis,
Ov. M. 15, 74; so id. ib. 1, 181; Tib. 4, 5, 14:ternis ululatibus ora Solvit,
Ov. M. 7, 191; 9, 427; id. Tr. 3, 11, 20; Stat. Achill. 1, 525:vix ora solvi patitur etiamnum timor,
Sen. Herc. Oet. 725; so,os promptius ac solutius,
Val. Max. 8, 7, ext. 1.— Transf., of an abyss:hic ora solvit Ditis invisi domus,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 664.—To remove, cancel; to destroy the force of a legal or moral obligation by expiration, death, etc.:c.si mors alterutrius interveniat, solvitur mandatum,
Gai. Inst. 3, 160:cum aliquis renunciaverit societati, societas solvitur,
id. ib. 3, 151; so id. ib. 3, 152:morte solvetur compromissum,
Dig. 4, 8, 27:soluto matrimonio,
ib. 24, 3, 2:solutum conjugium,
Juv. 9, 79:qui... conjugalia solvit,
Sen. Med. 144:nec conjugiale solutum Foedus in alitibus,
Ov. M. 11, 743:(sapiens) invitus beneficium per compensationem injuriae solvet,
cancel the obligation of a favor by the set-off of a wrong, Sen. Ep. 81, 17.—To efface guilt or wrong:d.magnis injuria poenis Solvitur,
Ov. F. 5, 304:solve nefas, dixit: solvit et ille nefas,
id. ib. 2, 44:culpa soluta mea est,
id. Tr. 4, 4, 10:neque tu verbis solves unquam quod mi re male feceris (i. e. injuriam),
Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 10.—Poenam solvere, to suffer punishment, i. e. to cancel the obligation of suffering, etc. (cf. 3. infra;e.less freq. than poenam persolvere, exsolvere): serae, sed justae tamen et debitae poenae solutae sunt,
Cic. Mil. 31, 85:capite poenas solvit,
Sall. J. 69, 4:meritas poenas solventem,
Curt. 6, 3, 14:poenarum solvendi tempus,
Lucr. 5, 1224:nunc solvo poenas,
Sen. Phoen. 172:hac manu poenas tibi solvam,
id. Hippol. 1177.—To remove, relieve, soothe affections, passions, etc.:f.atque animi curas e pectore solvat,
Lucr. 4, 908:curam metumque juvat Dulci Lyaeo solvere,
Hor. Epod. 9, 38:patrimonii cura solvatur,
Sen. Q. N. 3, praef. §2: Pyrrhus impetus sui terrore soluto,
Val. Max. 4, 3, 14:solvite corde metum,
Verg. A. 1, 562; so id. ib. 9, 90:solve metus animo,
Stat. Th. 2, 356:solvi pericula et metus narrant,
Plin. 11, 37, 52, § 140: neque adhuc Stheneleius iras Solverat Eurystheus, [p. 1727] Ov. M. 9, 274:hoc uno solvitur ira modo,
id. A. A. 2, 460:solvitque pudorem,
Verg. A. 4, 55.—Of sleep:g.quasi clamore solutus Sit sopor,
Ov. M. 3, 6, 30:nec verba, nec herbae audebunt longae somnum tibi solvere Lethes,
Luc. 6, 768; cf.:lassitudinem solvere,
Plin. 37, 10, 54, § 143. —Of any checks and barriers to motion, to remove.(α).To raise a siege:(β).solutam cernebat obsidionem,
Liv. 36, 10, 14:soluta obsidione,
id. 36, 31, 7:ad Locrorum solvendam obsidionem,
id. 27, 28, 17; cf. id. 37, 7, 7; 38, 5, 6; 42, 56 init.; 44, 13, 7; Curt. 4, 4, 1; Tac. A. 4, 24; 4, 73; Just. 9, 2, 10.—Of passions, etc., to remove restraint:(γ).cujus si talis animus est, solvamus nos ejus vincula, et claustra (i. e. irae) refringamus,
Liv. 36, 7, 13.—To overthrow, subvert a higher authority, etc.:h.quos (milites), soluto imperio, licentia corruperat,
Sall. J. 39, 5:imperia solvit qui tacet, jussus loqui,
Sen. Oedip. 525:sonipedes imperia solvunt,
id. Hippol. 1084; cf.:sanctitas fori ludis solvitur,
Quint. 11, 3, 58.—Of laws and customs, to abolish, violate:2.solvendarum legum id principium esse censebant (post-Aug. for dissolvendarum),
Curt. 10, 2, 5:solutae a se legis monitus,
Val. Max. 6, 5, ext. 4:cum plus quam ducentorum annorum morem solveremus,
Liv. 8, 4, 7:(Tarquinius) morem de omnibus senatum consulendi solvit,
id. 1, 49, 7:oportebat istum morem solvi,
Curt. 8, 8, 18.—Esp. with acc. of the bond, etc. (taking the place of the constr. I. B. 1. 2. 3. supra, when the abl. of separation is not admissible).a.To subvert discipline:b.disciplinam militarem solvisti,
Liv. 8, 7, 16:luxuria solutam disciplinam militarem esse,
id. 40, 1, 4:quod cum, ne disciplina solveretur, fecisset,
Front. Strat. 2, 12, 2.—Of strength, energy, attention, etc., to loosen, impair, weaken, scatter, disperse:c.nobilitas factione magis pollebat, plebis vis soluta atque dispersa,
Sall. J. 41, 6:patrios nervos externarum deliciarum contagione solvi et hebetari noluerunt,
Val. Max. 2, 6, 1:vires solvere,
Quint. 9, 4, 7:vis illa dicendi solvitur, et frigescit affectus,
Quint. 11, 3, 133.—Of affection, etc., to sever, dissolve, destroy:d.segnes nodum (amicitiae) solvere Gratiae,
Hor. C. 3, 21, 22;similarly: solvit (ille deus) amicos,
Prop. 2, 34 (3, 32), 5; so id. 2, 15 (3, 7), 26:hoc firmos solvit amores,
Ov. A. A. 2, 385:amores cantibus et herbis solvere,
Tib. 1, 2, 60.—Of sickness and hunger, to end, remove:e.vitex dicitur febres solvere,
Plin. 24, 9, 38, § 60:solvit jejunia granis,
Ov. F. 4, 607:quoniam jejunia virgo Solverat,
id. M. 5, 535; cf. Luc. 3, 282; so,famem,
Sen. Thyest. 64.—To delay:f.hi classis moras hac morte solvi rentur,
Sen. Troad. 1131.—Of darkness, to dispel:g.lux solverat umbras,
Stat. Th. 10, 390.—Of war, strife, etc., to compose, settle:h.aut solve bellum, mater, aut prima excipe,
Sen. Phoen. 406:electus formae certamina solvere pastor,
Stat. Achill. 2, 337:jurgia solvere,
Manil. 3, 115:contradictiones solvere,
Quint. 7, 1, 38.—Of difficulties, riddles, questions, ambiguities, etc., to solve, explain, remove:3.quia quaestionem solvere non posset,
Val. Max. 9, 12, ext. 3:aenigmata,
Quint. 8, 6, 53:omnes solvere posse quaestiones,
Suet. Gram. 11:haec ipsa, quae volvuntur ab illis, solvere malim et expandere,
Sen. Ep. 82, 20; id. Q. N. 7, 14, 1:unum tantum hoc solvendum est,
that one question, id. ib. 1, 7, 3:puta nunc me istuc non posse solvere,
id. Ep. 48, 6:carmina non intellecta Solverat,
Ov. M. 7, 760:triste carmen alitis solvi ferae,
Sen. Oedip. 102:nodos juris,
Juv. 8, 50:proponere aliquid quod solvat quaestionem,
Quint. 5, 10, 96:plurimas quaestiones illis probationibus solvi solere,
id. 1, 10, 49:quo solvitur quaestio supra tractata,
id. 3, 7, 3:ambiguitatem or amphiboliam,
id. 7, 2, 49; 7, 9, 10.—In partic., of obligations, to fulfil.a.To pay.(α).Originally, rem solvere, to free one's property and person (rem familiarem) from debts (solutio per aes et libram), according to the ancient formula:(β).quod ego tibi tot millibus condemnatus sum, me eo nomine... a te solvo liberoque hoc aere aeneaque libra,
Gai. Inst. 3, 174 Huschke; cf.:inde rem creditori palam populo solvit (i. e. per aes et libram),
Liv. 6, 14, 5:quas res dari, fieri, solvi oportuit,
id. 1, 32, 11. —Hence, rem solvere, to pay; often with dat. of person:pro vectura rem solvit?
paid the freight, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 27:ubi nugivendis res soluta'st omnibus,
id. Aul. 3, 5, 51:tibi res soluta est recte,
id. Curc. 4, 3, 21:ego quidem pro istac rem solvo ab tarpessita meo,
id. ib. 5, 2, 20:rem solvo omnibus quibus dehibeo,
id. ib. 5, 3, 45:dum te strenuas, res erit soluta,
id. Ps. 2, 2, 35:res soluta'st, Gripe, ego habeo,
id. Rud. 5, 3, 57.— Trop.: saepe edunt (aves);semel si captae sunt, rem solvont aucupi,
they repay him, pay for his expenses, Plaut. As. 1, 3, 66.—And to pay by other things than money:si tergo res solvonda'st,
by a whipping, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 54:habent hunc morem ut pugnis rem solvant si quis poscat clarius,
id. Curc. 3, 9:tibi quidem copia'st, dum lingua vivet, qui rem solvas omnibus,
id. Rud. 2, 6, 74.—Hence,Absol. (sc. rem), to pay; with or without dat. of person:(γ).cujus bona, quod populo non solvebat, publice venierunt,
Cic. Fl. 18, 43:ei cum solveret, sumpsit a C. M. Fufiis,
id. ib. 20, 46:misimus qui pro vectura solveret,
id. Att. 1, 3, 2:qui nimis cito cupit solvere, invitus debet,
Sen. Ben. 4, 40, 5:ut creditori solvat,
Dig. 30, 1, 49, § 7.— Pass. impers.:si dare vis mihi, Magis solutum erit quam ipsi dederis,
it will be a more valid payment, Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 46:numquam vehementius actum est quam me consule, ne solveretur,
to stop payments, Cic. Off. 2, 24, 84:fraudandi spe sublata solvendi necessitas consecuta est,
id. ib. 2, 24, 84:cum eo ipso quod necesse erat solvi, facultas solvendi impediretur,
Liv. 6, 34, 1.—Cf. in the two senses, to free from debt, and to pay, in the same sentence:non succurrere vis illi, sed solvere. Qui sic properat, ipse solvi vult, non solvere,
Sen. Ben. 6, 27, 1.—With acc. of the debt, to discharge, to pay:(δ).postquam Fundanio debitum solutum esset,
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 3, § 10:hoc quod debeo peto a te ut... solutum relinquas,
settled, id. Att. 16, 6, 3:solverat Castricio pecuniam jam diu debitam,
id. Fl. 23, 54:ex qua (pensione) major pars est ei soluta,
id. Att. 16, 2, 1:solvi aes alienum Pompejus ex suo fisco jussit,
Val. Max. 6, 2, 11:aes alienum solvere,
Sen. Ep. 36, 5:quae jactatio est, solvisse quod debebas?
id. Ben. 4, 17, 1; so,debitum solvere,
id. ib. 6, 30, 2:ne pecunias creditas solverent,
Cic. Pis. 35, 86:ut creditae pecuniae solvantur,
Caes. B. C. 3, 20; 3, 1:ex thensauris Gallicis creditum solvi posse,
Liv. 6, 15, 5:ita bona veneant ut solidum suum cuique solvatur,
Cic. Rab. Post. 17, 46.—And of moral debts:cum patriae quod debes solveris,
Cic. Marcell. 9, 27:debet vero, solvitque praeclare,
id. Phil. 13, 11, 25:aliter beneficium, aliter creditum solvitur,
Sen. Ben. 2, 34, 1:qui grate beneficium accipit, primam ejus pensionem solvit,
id. ib. 2, 22 fin. —By a confusion of construction, solvere pecuniam, etc., to pay money, etc. (for pecunia rem or debitum solvere); constr. with dat. or absol.:(ε).emi: pecuniam solvi,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 20, § 43:pro frumento nihil solvit,
id. ib. 2, 3, 72, §169: legatis pecuniam pro frumento solvit,
Liv. 44, 16:hanc pecuniam cum solvere in praesenti non posset,
Nep. Milt. 7, 6:nisi pecuniam solvisset,
id. Cim. 1, 1:condiciones pacis dictae ut decem millia talentum argenti... solverent,
Liv. 30, 37 med.:pro quo (frumento) pretium solveret populus Romanus,
id. 36, 3, 1:pretium servorum ex aerario solutum est dominis,
id. 32, 26, 14:pretium pro libris domino esse solvendum,
id. 40, 39 fin.:meritam mercedem,
id. 8, 22, 3; so id. 8, 11, 4: sorte creditum solvere, by paying the principal (i. e. without interest), id. 6, 36, 12:quae praemia senatus militibus ante constituit, ea solvantur,
Cic. Phil. 14, 14, 38:stipendium,
Liv. 28, 32, 1:dotem mulieri,
Dig. 24, 3, 2:litem aestimatam,
the amount of a fine, Nep. Cim. 5, 18 fin.:arbitria funeris,
the expenses of the funeral, Cic. Red. Sen. 7, 18:solvere dodrantem,
to pay seventy-five per cent., Mart. 8, 9, 1:dona puer solvit,
paid the promised gifts, Ov. M. 9, 794; so,munera,
id. ib. 11, 104.— Transf., of the dedication of a book, in return for favors:et exspectabo ea (munera) quae polliceris, et erunt mihi pergrata si solveris... Non solvam nisi prius a te cavero, etc.,
Cic. Brut. 4, 17 sq. —Of the delivery of slaves:si quis duos homines promise rit et Stichum solverit,
Dig. 46, 3, 67; 46, 3, 38, § 3.— Transf., poet.: dolorem solvisti, you have paid your grief, i. e. have duly mourned, Stat. S. 2, 6, 98.— Pass. with personal subject:si (actor) solutus fuisset,
Dig. 12, 1, 31 (cf.: solvere militem, b supra). —Esp., in certain phrases, to pay:b.aliquid praesens solvere,
to pay in cash, Cic. Att. 16, 2, 1; so,aliquid de praesentibus solvere,
Sen. Ep. 97, 16:solvere grates (= referre gratiam muneribus): Sulla solvit grates Dianae,
Vell. 2, 25:quas solvere grates sufficiam?
Stat. S. 4, 2, 7: cum homo avarus, ut ea (beneficia) solveret sibi imperare non posset, etc., Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 12, 1; cf.: non dicimus reposuit beneficium aut solvit;nullum nobis placuit quod aeri alieno convenit verbum,
Sen. Ep. 81, 9; but v. id. Ben. 2, 18, 5: in debitum solvere, to make a partial payment:unum haec epistula in debitum solvet,
id. Ep. 7, 10: aliquid solvere ab aliquo (de aliqua re), to pay out of funds supplied by any one ( out of any fund):Quintus laborat ut tibi quod debet ab Egnatio solvat,
Cic. Att. 7, 18, 4:homines dicere, se a me solvere,
id. ib. 5, 21, 11:(summa) erat solvenda de meo,
Plin. Ep. 2, 4, 2:operas solvere alicui,
to work for somebody, Dig. 40, 7, 39: solvo operam Dianae, I work for Diana, i. e. offer a sacrifice to her, Afran. ap. Non. 12, 21: judicatum solvere, to pay the amount adjudged by the court, for which security (satisdatio) was required:stipulatio quae appellatur judicatum solvi,
Gai. Inst. 4, 90:iste postulat ut procurator judicatum solvi satisdaret,
Cic. Quint. 7, 29; so Dig. 3, 2, 28; 3, 3, 15; 2, 8, 8;2, 8, 14 et saep.: auctio solvendis nummis,
a cash auction, Mart. 14, 35.— Gerund.: solvendo esse, to be solvent; jurid. t. t., to be able to pay, i. e. one's debts; cf.in full: nec tamen solvendo aeri alieno respublica esset,
Liv. 31, 13:nemo dubitat solvendo esse eum qui defenditur,
Dig. 50, 17, 105:qui modo solvendo sint,
Gai. Inst. 1, 3, 121:si solvendo sint,
Paul. Sent. 1, 20, 1:nec interest, solvendo sit, necne,
Dig. 30, 1, 49, § 5; so ib. 46, 1, 10; 46, 1, 27, § 2; 46, 1, 51, §§ 1 and 4; 46, 1, 52, § 1; 46, 1, 28; 50, 17, 198 et saep.: non solvendo esse, to be insolvent:solvendo non erat,
Cic. Att. 13, 10, 3:cum solvendo civitates non essent,
id. Fam. 3, 8, 2:tu nec solvendo eras, nec, etc.,
id. Phil. 2, 2, 4:ne videatur non fuisse solvendo,
id. Off. 2, 22, 79;and very freq. in the jurists.—So, trop.: quid matri, quid flebili patriae dabis? Solvendo non es,
Sen. Oedip. 941; cf.:*non esse ad solvendum (i. e. able to pay),
Vitr. 10, 6 fin. —To fulfil the duty of burial.(α).Justa solvere; with dat. of the person:(β).qui nondum omnia paterno funeri justa solvisset,
who had not yet finished the burial ceremonies of his father, Cic. Rosc. Am. 8, 23:justis defunctorum corporibus solutis,
Curt. 3, 12, 15:proinde corpori quam primum justa solvamus,
id. 10, 6, 7:ut justa soluta Remo,
Ov. F. 5, 452:nunc justa nato solve,
Sen. Hippol. 1245.—Exsequias, inferias or suprema solvere:c.exsequiis rite solutis,
Verg. A. 7, 5:cruor sancto solvit inferias viro,
Sen. Hippol. 1198:solvere suprema militibus,
Tac. A. 1, 61.—Votum solvere, to fulfil a vow to the gods.(α).Alone:(β).vota ea quae numquam solveret nuncupavit,
Cic. Phil. 3, 4, 11:quod si factum esset, votum rite solvi non posse,
Liv. 31, 9 fin.:liberare et se et rempublicam religione votis solvendis,
id. 40, 44, 8:placatis diis votis rite solvendis,
id. 36, 37 fin.:petiit ut votum sibi solvere liceret,
id. 45, 44:animosius a mercatore quam a vectore solvitur votum,
Sen. Ep. 73, 5:vota pro incolumitate solvebantur,
Tac. A. 2, 69:vota pater solvit,
Ov. M. 9, 707:ne votum solvat,
Mart. 12, 91, 6; 8, 4, 2; Val. Max. 6, 9, 5 ext.; 1, 1, 8 ext. — Poet.:voti debita solvere,
Ov. F. 5, 596; cf.the abbrev. formula V. S. L. M. (voTVM SOLVIT LIBENS MERITO),
Inscr. Orell. 186; 1296 sq.:V.S.A.L. (ANIMO LIBENTI),
ib. 2022 et saep.:sacra solvere (=votum solvere),
Manil. 1, 427.—With dat.:d.ait sese Veneri velle votum solvere,
Plaut. Rud. prol. 60:vota Jovi solvo,
Ov. M. 7, 652; 8, 153:sunt vota soluta deae,
id. F. 6, 248:dis vota solvis,
Sen. Ben. 5, 19, 4:libamenta Veneri solvere (=votum per libamenta),
Just. 18, 5, 4.—Fidem solvere, to fulfil a promise (post-class. for fidem praestare, [p. 1728] exsolvere; cf.:e.fidem obligatam liberare,
Suet. Claud. 9):illi, ut fidem solverent, clipeis obruere,
Flor. 1, 1, 12;similarly: et voti solverat ille fidem (=votum solverat),
Ov. F. 1, 642; but cf.: itane imprudens? tandem inventa'st causa: solvisti fidem, you have found a pretext to evade your promise (cf. II. A. 3.), Ter. And. 4, 1, 18: esset, quam dederas, morte soluta fides, by my death your promise to marry me would have been cancelled (cf. II. B. 1. 6.), Ov. H. 10, 78; similarly: suam fidem (i. e. quam Lepido habuerit) solutam esse, that his faith in Lepidus was broken, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 3.—With a different construction: se depositi fide solvere, to acquit one's self of the duty to return property intrusted to him (cf. I. B. 1. c.), Val. Max. 7, 3, 5 ext.: factique fide data munera solvit, he freed the gift already given from the obligation of an accomplished fact, i. e. he revoked the gifts, although already made, Ov. M. 11, 135.—Promissum solvere, to fulfil a promise (very rare):A.perinde quasi promissum solvens,
Val. Max. 9, 6, 1:solvitur quod cuique promissum est,
Sen. Cons. Marc. 20 fin.;similarly: solutum, quod juraverant, rebantur,
what they had promised under oath, Liv. 24, 18, 5.—Hence, sŏlūtus, a, um, P. a., free, loose, at large, unfettered, unbandaged.Lit.1.(Acc. to I.A. 1. supra.) Pigeat nostrum erum si eximat aut solutos sinat, Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 11:2.tibi moram facis quom ego solutus sto,
id. Ep. 5, 2, 25:reus solutus causam dicis, testes vinctos attines,
id. Truc. 4, 3, 63:cum eos vinciret quos secum habebat, te solutum Romam mittebat?
Cic. Deiot. 7, 22:nec quisquam ante Marium solutus dicitur esse sectus,
unbandaged, id. Tusc. 2, 22, 53:duos (captivos) solutos ire ad Hannibalem jussit,
Liv. 27, 51:eum interdiu solutum custodes sequebantur, nocte clausum asservabant,
id. 24, 45, 10:non efficiatis ut solutos verear quos alligatos adduxit,
Val. Max. 6, 2, 3.—(Acc. to I. A. 2.) Of texture, etc.; esp. of soil, loose, friable (opp spissus;3.postAug.): quo solutior terra facilius pateat radicibus,
Sen. Ep. 90, 21;ordeum nisi solutum et siccum locum non patitur,
Col. 2, 9:soluta et facilis terra,
id. 3, 14;solum solutum vel spissum,
id. 2, 2 init.;seri vult raphanus terra soluta, umida,
Plin. 19, 5, 26, § 83:hordeum seri non vult, nisi in sicca et soluta terra,
id. 18, 7, 18, § 79:solutiores ripae,
Front. Aquaed. 15.—Of plants:mas spissior, femina solutior,
Plin. 25, 9, 57, § 103.—Hence, subst.: sŏlūtum, i, n., a state of looseness:dum vult describere, quem ad modum alia torqueantur fila, alia ex molli solutoque ducantur,
Sen. Ep. 90, 20.—(Acc. to I. A. 3.) Rarefied, thin, diffused:B.turbo, quo celsior eo solutior laxiorque est, et ob hoc diffunditur,
Sen. Q. N. 7, 9, 3:aer agitatus a sole calefactusque solutior est,
id. ib. 1, 2, 10:debet aer nec tam spissus esse, nec tam tenuis et solutus, ut, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 2, 11.—Trop.1.(Acc. to I. B. 1.) Of speech, unfettered, fluent, ready:2.(orator) solutus in explicandis sententiis,
Cic. Or. 47, 173:verbis solutus satis,
id. ib. 47, 174:solutissimus in dicendo,
id. ib. 48, 180.—Exempt, free from duties, obligations, etc.:3.quam ob rem viderer maximis beneficii vinculis obstrictus, cum liber essem et solutus?
Cic. Planc. 30, 72:soluta (praedia) meliore in causa sunt quam obligata,
unmortgaged, id. Agr. 3, 2, 9:si reddidi (debitum), solutus sum ac liber,
Sen. Ben. 2, 18, 5;non ut gratus, sed ut solutus sim,
id. ib. 4, 21, 3;solutus omni fenore,
Hor. Epod. 2, 4;nam ea (religione) magister equitum solutus ac liber potuerit esse,
Liv. 8, 32, 5:Mamertini soli in omni orbe terrarum vacui, expertes soluti ac liberi fuerunt ab omni sumptu, molestia, munere,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 10, § 23.—Free from punishment, not punishable, not liable, etc.: qui mancipia vendunt, certiores faciunt emptores quis fugitivus sit, noxave solutus, Edict. Aedil. ap. Dig. 21, 1, 1, § 1; Gell. 4, 2, 1; cf.:4.quod aiunt aediles noxae solutus non sit sic intellegendum est... noxali judicio subjectum non esse,
Dig. 21, 1, 17, § 17:apud quos libido etiam permissam habet et solutam licentiam,
Cic. Rep. 4, 4, 4:omne illud tempus habeat per me solutum ac liberum,
i. e. let the crimes then committed be unpunished, id. Verr. 2, 1, 12, § 33: antea vacuum id solutumque poena fuerat, Tac. A. 14, 28.—With subj. inf.:maxime solutum fuit, prodere de iis, etc.,
Tac. A. 4, 35: solutum existimatur esse, alteri male dicere, Caecil. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 3.—Free from cares, undistracted:5.animo soluto liberoque,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 75, § 185:sed paulo solutiore tamen animo,
id. ib. 2, 5, 31, § 82.—At leisure, free from labor, business, etc.:6.te rogo ut eum solutum, liberum, confectis ejus negotiis a te, quamprimum ad me remittas,
Cic. Fam. 13, 63, 2:quo mea ratio facilior et solutior esse possit,
id. ib. 3, 5, 1.—With gen.:Genium Curabis Cum famulis operum solutis,
Hor. C. 3, 17, 16.—Unbound, relaxed, merry, jovial:7.quam homines soluti ridere non desinant, tristiores autem, etc.,
Cic. Dom. 39, 104:an tu existimas quemquam soluto vultu et hilari oculo mortem contemnere?
Sen. Ep. 23, 4:vultus,
Stat. Th. 5, 355:(mores) naturam sequentium faciles sunt, soluti sunt,
unembarrassed, Sen. Ep. 122, 17.—Free from the rule of others, uncontrolled, independent:8.cum videas civitatis voluntatem solutam, virtutem alligatam,
Cic. Att. 2, 18, 1:ab omni imperio externo soluta in perpetuum Hispania,
Liv. 29, 1 fin.:Masinissae ab imperio Romano solutam libertatem tribuit,
Val. Max. 7, 2, 6:incerti, solutique, et magis sine domino quam in libertate, Vononem in regnum accipiunt,
Tac. A. 2, 4:quorum (militum) libertas solutior erat,
Just. 13, 2, 2.—Of animals:rectore solutos (solis) equos,
Stat. Th. 1, 219.—Free from influence or restraint; hence, independent, unbiassed, unprejudiced:9.nec vero deus ipse alio modo intellegi potest, nisi mens soluta quaedam et libera,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 27, 66;cum animi sine ratione motu ipsi suo soluto ac libero incitarentur,
id. Div. 1, 2, 4:judicio senatus soluto et libero,
id. Phil. 5, 15, 41:sum enim ad dignitatem in re publica solutus,
id. Att. 1, 13, 2:libero tempore cum soluta vobis est eligendi optio,
id. Fin. 1, 10, 33:si omnia mihi essent solutissima, tamen in re publica non alius essem atque nunc sum,
id. Fam. 1, 9, 21:liberi enim ad causas solutique veniebant,
uncommitted, id. Verr. 2, 2, 78, § 192.—Free from moral restraint; hence, unbridled, insolent, loose:10.amores soluti et liberi,
Cic. Rep. 4, 4, 4:licentia,
id. ib. 4, 4, 4:populi quamvis soluti ecfrenatique sint,
id. ib. 1, 34, 53:quis erat qui sibi solutam P. Clodii praeturam sine maximo metu proponeret? Solutam autem fore videbatis, nisi esset is consul qui eam auderet possetque constringere,
id. Mil. 13, 34:quominus conspectus, eo solutior erat,
Liv. 27, 31 fin.:adulescentes aliquot quorum, in regno, libido solutior fuerat,
id. 2, 1, 2:solutioris vitae primos adulescentiae annos egisse fertur,
a licentious life, Val. Max. 2, 6, 1:spectandi solutissimum morem corrigere,
Suet. Aug. 44:mores soluti,
licentious habits, Just. 3, 3, 10.—Regardless of rules, careless, loose:11.orator tam solutus et mollis in gestu,
Cic. Brut. 62, 225:dicta factaque ejus solutiora, et quandam sui neglegentiam praeferentia,
Tac. A. 16, 18.—Esp., of style, etc., free from rules of composition.(α).Oratio soluta, verba soluta, a free style, conversational or epistolary style:(β).est oratio aliqua vincta atque contexta, soluta alia, qualis in sermone et epistulis,
Quint. 9, 4, 19; 9, 4, 20; 9, 4, 69; 9, 4, 77.—More freq.: verba soluta, oratio soluta, prose (opp. to verse);(γ).in full: scribere conabar verba soluta modis, Ov Tr. 4, 10, 24: quod (Isocrates) verbis solutis numeros primus adjunxerit,
Cic. Or. 52, 174:mollis est enim oratio philosophorum... nec vincta numeris, sed soluta liberius,
id. ib. 19, 64; 71, 234;68, 228: si omnes soluta oratione scripserunt,
Varr. R. R. 4, 1; de heisce rebus treis libros ad te mittere institui;de oratione soluta duos, de poetica unum,
id. L. L. 6, 11 fin.:ut in soluta oratione, sic in poemateis,
id. ib. 7, 1:primus (Isocrates) intellexit. etiam in soluta oratione, dum versum effugeres modum et numerum quemdam debere servari,
Cic. Brut. 8, 32:Aristoteles judicat heroum numerum grandiorem quam desideret soluta oratio,
id. Or. 57, 192:et creticus et paeon quam commodissume putatur in solutam orationem illigari,
id. ib. 64, 215:a modis quibusdam, cantu remoto, soluta esse videatur oratio,
id. ib. 55, 183; 55, 184; id. de Or. 3, 48, 184: historia est quodammodo carmen solutum, Quint. 10, 1, 31.—Also in reference to a prose rhythm, loose, unrhythmical, inharmonious:(δ).ut verba neque inligata sint, quasi... versus, neque ita soluta ut vagentur,
Cic. de Or. 3, 44, 176; 3, 48, 186:nec vero haec (Callidii verba) soluta nec diffluentia, sed astricta numeris,
id. Brut. 79, 274:orator sic illigat sententiam verbis ut eam numero quodam complectatur et astricto et soluto,
id. de Or. 3, 44, 175; but: verba soluta suis figuris, words freed from their proper meaning, i.e. metaphors, Manil. 1, 24.—Rarely with reference to the thought: soluta oratio, a fragmentary, disconnected style:12.soluta oratio, et e singulis non membris, sed frustis, collata, structura caret,
Quint. 8, 5, 27; cf. id. 9, 4, 69:solutiora componere,
id. 10, 4, 1; 9, 4, 15.—Effeminate, luxurious (acc. to I. B. 3.):13.sinum togae in dextrum umerum reicere, solutum ac delicatum est,
Quint. 11, 3, 146.—Undisciplined, disorderly:14.omnia soluta apud hostes esse,
Liv. 8, 30, 3:nihil temeritate solutum,
Tac. A. 13, 40:apud Achaeos neglecta omnia ac soluta fuere,
Just. 34, 2, 2.—Lax, remiss, weak:C.mea lenitas adhuc si cui solutior visa erat,
Cic. Cat. 2, 12, 27:Ciceronem male audivisse, tamquam solutum et enervem,
Tac. Or. 18:soluti ac fluentes,
Quint. 1, 2, 8.—Hence:solutum genus orationis,
a lifeless, dull style, Val. Max. 8, 10, 3:quanto longius abscederent, eo solutiore cura,
laxer attention, Liv. 3, 8, 8.—(Acc. to II. B. 3. e supra.) Paid, discharged, only as subst.: sŏlūtum, i, n., that which is paid, a discharged debt, in certain phrases:1.aliquid in solutum dare,
to give something in payment, Dig. 46, 3, 45; 46, 3, 46; 46, 3, 60: in solutum accipere, to accept in payment:qui voluntatem bonam in solutum accipit,
Sen. Ben. 7, 16, 4:qui rem in solutum accipit,
Dig. 42, 4, 15; 12, 1, 19;in solutum imputare,
to charge as payment, Sen. Ep. 8, 10; aliquid pro soluto est, is considered as paid or cancelled:pro soluto id in quo creditor accipiendo moram fecit, oportet esse,
Dig. 46, 3, 72: pro soluto usucapere, to acquire by prescription something given in payment by the debtor, but not belonging to him:pro soluto usucapit qui rem debiti causa recepit,
Dig. 41, 3, 46.— Adv.: sŏlūtē.Thinly:2.corpora diffusa solute,
Lucr. 4, 53.—Of speech, fluently:3. 4.non refert videre quid dicendum est, nisi id queas solute ac suaviter dicere,
Cic. Brut. 29, 110:ita facile soluteque volvebat sententias,
id. ib. 81, 280:quid ipse compositus alias, et velut eluctantium verborum, solutius promptiusque eloquebatur,
Tac. A. 4, 31.—Freely, without restraint:5. 6.generaliter puto judicem justum... solutius aequitatem sequi,
i. e. without strictly regarding the letter of the law, Dig. 11, 7, 14, § 13.—Of manners and discipline, disorderly, negligently:7.praecipue sub imperio Cn. Manlii solute ac neglegenter habiti sunt (exercitus),
Liv. 39, 1, 4:in stationibus solute ac neglegenter agentes,
id. 23, 37, 6.—Weakly, tamely, without vigor:8.quod ille tam solute egisset, tam leniter, tam oscitanter,
Cic. Brut. 80, 277.—Of morals, loosely, without restraint:ventitabat illuc Nero, quo solutius urbem extra lasciviret,
Tac. A. 13, 47. -
13 solvo
solvo, solvi, solutum, 3, v. a. ( perf. soluit, trisyll., Cat. 2, 13:I. A.soluisse,
Tib. 4, 5, 16) [for se-luo; cf. socors for se-cords], to loosen an object from any thing, to release or to loose, remove any thing which binds or restrains another.In a corporeal sense.1.Outwardly, to release.a.From fetters or custody, to free, set free, release; absol.:b.solvite istas,
i. e. from fetters, Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 64:solvite istum,
id. Mil. 5, 32:numquam, nisi me orassis, solves,
id. Ep. 5, 2, 62:jube solvi (eum),
Ter. And. 5, 4, 52:ad palum adligati repente soluti sunt,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 5, § 11:ut vincti solvantur,
id. ib. 2, 5, 6, §12: qui in compedibus corporis semper fuerunt, etiam cum soluti sunt, tardius ingrediuntur,
id. Tusc. 1, 31, 75:ita nexi soluti (sunt),
Liv. 8, 28, 9:solvite me, pueri,
Verg. E. 6, 24:fore ut brevi solveretur,
Suet. Vesp. 5; id. Tib. 65; id. Vit. 12.—With abl.:canis solutus catena,
Phaedr. 3, 7, 20. — Transf., from the fetter of frost:solutis amnibus (i. e. frigoris vinculo),
Stat. Th. 5, 15:terrae quem (florem) ferunt solutae,
Hor. C. 1, 4, 10.—From reins, ties, bands, etc.: solve senescentem equum, from the rein, i. e. dismiss him from service, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 8:c.solverat sol equos,
unhitched, Stat. Th. 3, 407: currum solvere (i. e. ab equis, poet. for equos a curru), Sen. Thyest. 794: solvere epistulam, i. e. from the string by which it was tied (= to open), Nep. Hann. 11, 3:et tibi sollicita solvitur illa (epistula) manu,
Ov. Tr. 5, 2, 2:et jacet in gremio charta soluta meo,
id. H. 11, 4:praecepit suis ne sarcinas solverent, aut onera deponerent,
Front. Strat. 1, 5, 3.—So of garments and sails, to unfurl, unfold: cum tunica soluta inambularet, Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 32, 3; Front. Strat. 4, 1, 26:soluta toga,
Quint. 11, 3, 147:vela solvere,
Verg. A. 4, 574.—From any fastening (mostly poet. and post-Aug. prose), to detach from; constr. absol., or with ab or de, and abl.:d.Caucasia solvet de rupe Promethei bracchia,
Prop. 2, 1, 69:fraxinus solvitur,
from the ground, Stat. Th. 9, 498:ceciditque soluta pinus,
id. ib. 9, 409; cf.:pinus radice soluta, deficit,
id. S. 5, 1, 152:solutis radicibus arbusta procumbunt,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 5:accepi epistulam quam, ut scribis, ancora soluta de phaselo dedisti, i. e. a litore,
detached, Cic. Att. 1, 13, 1 B. and K. (al. sublata;but soluta is perh. an error of Cic. in the use of a technical term, v Orell. ad loc.).—In the same sense: solvere retinacula classis,
Ov. M. 15, 696; 8, 102:querno solvunt de stipite funem,
id. F. 4, 333:fune soluto Currit in immensum carina,
id. Am. 2, 11, 23:curvo solves viscera cultro (i. e. de corpore ferarum),
Sen. Hippol. 53.—Of rain disengaged from the clouds:imber caelesti nube solutus,
Ov. A. A. 2, 237: (Lunam) imperfecta vi solvere tantum umorem, disengage only the moisture, i. e. from the earth:cum solis radii absumant,
Plin. 2, 9, 6, § 45:solutum a latere pugionem,
detached from his side, Suet. Vit. 15.—Esp., of ships: navem solvere, to free a ship from the land, i. e. to set sail, weigh anchor, leave land, depart.(α).With acc. alone:(β).eisce confectis navem solvimus,
Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 91:navim cupimus solvere,
id. Mil. 4, 7, 17:naves solvit,
Caes. B. G. 4, 36; 5, 8; id. B. C. 1, 28; 3, 14; 3, 26;3, 102: primis tenebris solvit navem,
Liv. 45, 6:postero die solvere naves (jussi),
id. 29, 25 fin.; Nep. Hann. 8, 2:classem solvere,
Liv. 45, 41; Prop. 3, 7 (4, 6), 23.—With ab and abl.:(γ).navis a terra solverunt,
Caes. B. C. 3, 101:quinto inde die quam ab Corintho solverit naves,
Liv. 31, 7 med.:solvunt a litore puppes,
Luc. 2, 649.—With ex and abl.:(δ).nam noctu hac soluta est navis nostra e portu Persico,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 259:interea e portu nostra navis solvitur,
id. Bacch. 2, 3, 54.—With abl.:(ε).complures mercatores Alexandria solvisse,
Cic. Off. 3, 12, 50:portu solventibus,
id. Mur. 2, 4.—Absol. (sc. navem or naves):(ζ).tertia fere vigilia solvit,
Caes. B. G. 4, 23:nos eo die cenati solvimus,
Cic. Fam. 16, 9, 2:altero die quam a Brundusio solvit,
Liv. 31, 14 init.:qui inde solverant,
Val. Max. 1, 7, 3:solvi mare languido,
Sen. Ep. 53, 1:fortasse etiam ventis minantibus solves,
id. Ben. 2, 35, 5:non eadem est his et illis causa solvendi,
making sea-voyages, id. Q. N. 5, 18, 16.—With navis, etc., as subj., to leave the land (sc. se a litore):(η).naves XVIII. ex superiore portu solverunt,
Caes. B. G. 4, 28; and by another change of construction: solvimus oram, we freed the shore, i.e. from the ship, Quint. 4, 2, 41; id. Ep. ad Tryph. 3.—Poet. usages:e.de litore puppis solvit iter,
clears the voyage, Stat. S. 5, 1, 243:nec tibi Tyrrhena solvatur funis harena,
Prop. 1, 8, 11 (cf.: retinacula solvere, c. supra).—Of secretions from the body ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):2.tempore eo quo menstrua solvit,
Lucr. 6, 706:cruor solvitur,
Stat. Th. 9, 530:lacrimas solvere,
id. Achill. 2, 256:solutis lacrimis,
Claud. Ruf. 2, 258; so,partus solvere,
to bear, bring forth, be delivered of offspring, Ov. F. 3, 258; Stat. Th. 5, 461; Plin. 28, 3, 6, § 33; 32, 1, 1, § 6.—To loosen an object from that which holds it together, to break up, part, dissolve, disperse, divide, take apart, scatter.a.In gen.:b.omne colligatum solvi potest,
Cic. Fin. 11.—Of structures ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):c.solvere naves et rursus conjungere,
Curt. 8, 10, 3:solvere quassatae parcite membra ratis,
Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 2:dubitavit an solveret pontem,
Curt. 4, 16, 8:solvere pontem,
Tac. A. 1, 69:si pons solutus sit,
Dig. 2, 11, 2, § 7:solutus pons tempestatibus,
Just. 2, 13, 9:currum (solis) solutum,
Manil. 1, 740.—Of woven stuff:d.solvens texta,
Prop. 2, 9, 6.—Of mountains:e.utrimque montes solvit (Hercules),
Sen. Herc. Fur. 237:tridente Neptunus montem solvit,
id. Agam. 553.—Of the neck:f.soluta cervix silicis impulsu,
broken, Sen. Troad. 1119.—Of a comet:g.momentum quo cometes solutus et in duas partes redactus est,
Sen. Q. N. 7, 16, 3.—Of the hair, to loosen, untie, let fall:h.solve capillos,
Ov. Am. 3, 9, 3:crinem,
id. A. A. 3, 784; id. M. 11, 682; 13, 584; Prop. 2, 15 (3, 7), 46:comas casside,
Ov. F. 3, 2; cf. id. ib. 4, 854.—Of the earth (so mostly P. a., q. v. infra;3.post-Aug.): ita in terrae corpore evenit ut partes ejus vetustate solvantur, solutae cadant,
Sen. Q. N. 6, 10, 2:ubi montis latus nova ventis solvit hiems,
Stat. Th. 7, 745. —To dissolve; pass., to be dissolved, changed, to pass over into ( poet. and postclass. for dissolvere, or transire in); constr. absol., or with in and acc.(α).Of a change into air or gas:(β).calor mobiliter solvens, differt primordia vini,
dissolving, parts the molecules of the wine, Lucr. 6, 235:nam materiai copia ferretur per inane soluta,
id. 1, 1018; so id. 1, 1103:ita fatus in aera rursus solvitur,
Stat. Th. 5, 285;nec in aera solvi Passa, recentem animam caelestibus intulit astris,
Ov. M. 15, 845.—Into a liquid, to melt:(γ).saepe terra in tabem solvitur,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 15, 7:terram quam diximus esse mutabilem et solvi in umorem,
id. ib. 3, 29, 4:nullum tellus se solvit in amnem,
Luc. 2, 408; ipsum in conubia terrae Aethera, cum pluviis rarescunt nubila, solvo, dissolve into the embrace of the earth, i. e. change into rain, Stat. S. 1, 2, 186:ex Aethiopiae jugis solutas nives ad Nilum decurrere,
Sen. Q. N. 4, 2, 17; so,nivem solvere,
id. ib. 4, 5, 2; Ov. Am. 3, 6, 93; Sen. Herc. Oet. 729:rigor auri solvitur aestu,
Lucr. 1, 493:ferrum calidi solvant camini,
Manil. 4, 250:cerae igne solutae,
Ov. A. A. 2, 47:Iris cum vino triduo non solvitur,
Plin. 21, 20, 83, § 142:(herba) quinto die solvitur,
id. 26, 14, 88, § 148.—Of putrefaction:(δ).(vitulo) per integram solvuntur viscera pellem,
Verg. G. 4, 302.—Of change in general:(ε).inque novas abiit massa soluta domos,
Ov. F. 1, 108:repentino crementur incendio, atque ex tanta varietate solvantur atque eant in unum omnia (sc. all the heavenly bodies),
Sen. Ben. 6, 22.—Of expansion by heat:(ζ). (η).(uva) cum modo frigoribus premitur, modo solvitur aestu,
Ov. A. A. 2, 317.—Solvi in, to pass into, become:4.in cacumine (herbae) capitula purpurea quae solvantur in lanugines,
Plin. 27, 8, 39, § 61.—Of a wave:donec in planitiem immotarum aquarum solvatur,
disappears in, Sen. Q. N. 1, 2, 2:postremi (equi) solvuntur in aequora pisces (= solvuntur in pisces),
Stat. Th. 2, 47: lumina in lacrimas solventur, stream with tears. —Hence, solvere, causative, to make pass over, to make vanish in: circulum in pulverem, in quo descriptus est, solvere, Sen. Ep. 74, 27: soluti agri, the boundaries of which are effaced, Sic. Fl. Cond. Agr. p. 3 Goes.—To consume, to destroy, dissolve:B.solvere orbes,
Manil. 1, 497:ni calor et ventus... interemant sensum diductaque solvant (i.e. sensum),
Lucr. 3, 287:(Cato) ferrei prope corporis animique, quem ne senectus quidem, quae solvit omnia, fregerit,
Liv. 39, 40, 11:si (cometae) sunt purus ignis... nec illos conversio mundi solvit,
Sen. Q. N. 7, 2, 2:(turbo) ab eo motu, qui universum trahit, solveretur,
id. ib. 7, 9, 4:tabes solvit corpora,
Luc. 6, 18; 7, 809:nec solum silvas, sed saxa ingentia solvit (ignis),
id. 3, 506:ne tegat functos humus, ne solvat ignis,
Sen. Thyest. 750.—So, vitam solvere, to extinguish life, esp. of gradual or easy death:solvas potius (vitam), quam abrumpas, dummodo, si alia solvendi ratio non erit, vel abrumpas,
Sen. Ep. 22, 3:hanc mihi solvite vitam,
Prop. 2, 9, 39.—Trop.1.To free, release, loose, emancipate, set free; constr. absol., with abl. or ab and abl.; rarely with gen.a.From the body, etc.:b.teque isto corpore solvo,
Verg. A. 4, 703:soluta corpore anima,
Quint. 5, 14, 13:qui solutas vinculis animas recipit,
Sen. Cons. 28, 8: si animus somno relaxatus solute (i. e. free from the shackles of the body) moveatur ac libere, Cic. Div. 2, 48, 100:vocem solvere,
to set free the voice, to speak, Stat. S. 3, 1; Sen. Thyest. 682; so, responsa solve (pregn. = utter and disclose), Sen. Oedip. 292:suspiria solvit,
Stat. Th. 11, 604:solvat turba jocos,
Sen. Med. 114:solutos Qui captat risus hominum (= quem juvat risus hominum solvere),
Hor. S. 1, 4, 83:Ausonii... versibus incomptis ludunt risuque soluto,
unrestrained, free, Verg. G. 2, 386.—Of members or parts of the body: linguam solvere, to unfetter the tongue (sc. vinculis oris), to give flow to words:c.linguam (Juno) ad jurgia solvit,
Ov. M. 3, 261:lingua devincta nec in motus varios soluta,
Sen. Ira, 1, 3, 7:ut quisque contemptissimus est, ita linguae solutissimae est,
id. Const. 11, 3:(fama) innumeras solvit in praeconia linguas,
Luc. 1, 472. —Solvere bracchia, poet., to unfetter the arms, i. e. to move them:magna difficili solventem bracchia motu,
Stat. Achill. 1, 604; cf.of the free motions of animals: columbae soluto volatu multum velociores,
unrestrained flight, Plin. 10, 36, 52, § 108.—From obligations and debts:d.solvit me debito,
Sen. Ben. 6, 4, 1:an nos debito solverit,
id. Ep. 81, 3:ut religione civitas solvatur,
Cic. Caecin. 34, 98; Liv. 7, 3, 9:te decem tauri... Me tener solvet vitulus (sc. religione),
Hor. C. 4, 2, 54.—So from a military oath:hoc si impetro, solvo vos jurejurando,
Just. 14, 4, 7.—Sacramento or militia solvere, to dismiss a soldier from service:sacramento solvi,
Tac. A. 16, 13:cum quis propter delictum sacramento solvitur,
Dig. 49, 16, 13:militia solvere,
Tac. A. 1, 44.— Munere (publico) solvere, to exempt from public duties:ut Ilienses publico munere solverentur,
Tac. A. 12, 58.—With obj. inf.:ut manere solveretur,
that he should be excused from the duty of remaining, Tac. A. 3, 29.—From guilt and sin, to acquit, absolve, cleanse (cf. absolvere, to acquit of crime):e.si ille huic (insidias fecerit), ut scelere solvamur,
be held guiltless, Cic. Mil. 12, 31:atque hunc ille summus vir scelere solutum periculo liberavit,
id. ib. 4, 9:sit capitis damno Roma soluta mei,
Ov. F. 6, 452:ipsum quoque Pelea Phoci Caede per Haemonias solvit Acastus aquas,
id. ib. 2, 40:Helenen ego crimine solvo,
id. A. A. 2, 371:quid crimine solvis Germanum?
Stat. Th. 11, 379:solutam caede Gradivus manum restituit armis,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 1342. —From feelings, etc.:f.quae eos qui quaesissent cura et negotio solverent,
Cic. Rep. 1, 18, 30:cum ego vos solvi curis ceteris,
Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 33:senatus cura belli solutus,
Plin. 22, 3, 4, § 7:pectus linquunt cura solutum,
Lucr. 2, 45:his terroribus ab Epicuro soluti et in libertatem vindicati,
Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 56:soluti metu,
Liv. 41, 14 init.; 27, 51:solvent formidine terras,
Verg. E. 4, 14:solve metu patriam,
Prop. 4 (5), 6, 41:metu belli Scythas solvit,
Just. 9, 2, 2; so id. 14, 2, 5:haec est Vita solutorum misera ambitione,
Hor. S. 1, 6, 129:soluti a cupiditatibus,
Cic. Agr. 1, 9, 27:his concitationibus quem vacuum, solutum, liberum videris,
id. Tusc. 5, 15, 43: et tu solve me dementia, [p. 1726] Hor. Epod. 17, 43:longo luctu,
Verg. A. 2, 26:tristem juventam solve (i. e. juventam tristitia),
Sen. Hippol. 450:solvite tantis animum monstris, solvite, superi,
id. Herc. Fur. 1063:Quis te solvere Thessalis Magus venenis poterit?
Hor. C. 1, 27, 21. — Poet.:solvit animis miracula (for animos miraculis),
the soul from superstition, Manil. 1, 103.—And of animals:rabie tigrim,
Manil. 5, 707.— Absol.:ut ad praecepta quae damus possit ire animus, solvendus est (i. e. perturbationibus),
Sen. Ep. 95, 38:calices, quem non fecere contracta in paupertate solutum?
i. e. from cares, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 20:solvite animos,
Manil. 4, 12.—With in:vix haec in munera solvo animum,
i. e. free it from passions and so make it fit for these duties, Stat. S. 5, 3, 33.—From sleep, very rare:g.ego somno solutus sum,
awoke, Cic. Rep. 6, 26, 29 (cf.: somno solvi, to be overwhelmed by sleep, 2. b, g infra).—From labor, business, etc.:h.volucres videmus... solutas opere volitare,
Cic. Or. 2, 6, 23:solutus onere regio, regni bonis fruor,
Sen. Oedip. 685.— Poet.:Romulus excubias decrevit in otia solvi,
to be relieved from guard and enjoy leisure, Prop. 4 (5), 4, 79.—From rigidity, austerity, stiffness, etc., to relax, smooth, unbend, quiet, soothe ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):k.frontem solvere disce,
Mart. 14, 183:saltem ora trucesque solve genas,
Stat. Th. 11, 373:solvit feros tunc ipse rictus,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 797.— Poet.:solvatur fronte senectus = frons senectute (i. e. rugis), solvatur,
be cleared, Hor. Epod. 13, 5:vultum risu solvit,
relieves, Val. Max. 4, 3, 5:risum judicis movendo, et illos tristes affectus solvit, et animum renovat,
Quint. 6, 3, 1; so,solvere judicem,
unbend, excite his laughter, id. 11, 3, 3:solvere qui (potui) Curios Fabriciosque graves (sc. risu),
Mart. 9, 28 (29), 4:ut tamen arctum Solveret hospitiis animum,
Hor. S. 2, 6, 83:cujus non contractum sollicitudine animum illius argutiae solvant?
Sen. Cons. Helv. 18, 5.— Transf., pregn.:solventur risu tabulae,
i. e. the austerity of the judge will be relaxed by laughter, and the complaint dismissed, Hor. S. 2, 1, 86.—Imitated:quia si aliquid omiserimus, cum risu quoque tota res solvitur,
Quint. 5, 10, 67.—From any cause of restraint.(α).To release from siege:(β).Bassanitas obsidione solvere,
Liv. 44, 30:patriam obsidione solvere,
Val. Max. 3, 2, 2. —From moral restraints:l.hic palam cupiditates suas solvit,
gave vent to, Curt. 6, 6, 1; v. also P. a., B. 7. infra.—From laws and rules: legibus solvere.(α).To exempt from laws, i. e. by privilege:(β).Vopiscus, qui ex aedilitate consulatum petit, solvatur legibus,
Cic. Phil. 11, 5, 11:cur M. Brutus legibus est solutus, si, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 13, 31:ut interea magistratus reliquos, legibus omnibus soluti, petere possetis,
id. Agr. 2, 36, 99:Lurco, tribunus plebis, solutus est (et lege Aelia et Furia),
id. Att. 1, 16, 13:solvatne legibus Scipionem,
Auct. Her. 3, 2, 2:petente Flacco ut legibus solverentur,
Liv. 31, 50, 8:Scipio legibus solutus est,
id. Epit. 56:Licet enim, inquiunt, legibus soluti sumus, attamen legibus vivimus,
Just. Inst. 2, 17, 8; cf.:ut munere vigintiviratus solveretur,
Tac. A. 3, 29.— Transf., of the laws of nature, etc.:(aestus) illo tempore, solutus legibus, sine modo fertur,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 28, 6:solus (sapiens) generis humani legibus solvitur,
id. Brev. Vit. 15, 5:nec leti lege solutas,
Lucr. 3, 687:nec solvo Rutulos (i. e. legibus fati),
Verg. A. 10, 111.— With gen. (cf. libero), perh. only in phrase testamenti solvere, to release from a testamentary disposition:et is per aes et libram heredes testamenti solveret,
Cic. Leg. 2, 20, 51; 2, 21, 53 (less prop. testamenti is taken as attribute of heredes); cf. Gai. Inst. 3, 175, and Hor. C. 3, 17, 16, P. a., B. 5. fin. infra.—Legibus solutus, not subject to, released from:2. (α).reus Postumus est ea lege... solutus ac liber,
i. e. the law does not apply to him, Cic. Rab. Post. 5, 12:soluti (lege Julia) huc convenistis, ne constricti discedatis cavete,
id. ib. 7, 18.—Of other laws:solutus Legibus insanis,
Hor. S. 2, 6, 68:quae sedes expectent animam solutam legibus servitutis humanae,
Sen. Ep. 65, 20.— Transf., of things: soluta legibus scelera sunt, unrestrained by the laws, i. e. crimes are committed with impunity, Sen. Ben. 7, 27, 1.— Of the laws of versification: numerisque fertur Lege solutis, referring to dithyrambic measures, Hor. C. 4, 2, 12 (cf. P. a., B. 11. infra).—Of troops, ranks, etc.:(β).ubi ordines procursando solvissent,
Liv. 42, 65, 8:incomposito agmine, solutis ordinibus,
Curt. 8, 1, 5; so id. 8, 4, 6:agmina Diductis solvere choris,
Verg. A. 5, 581:solvit maniplos,
Juv. 8, 154:solvuntur laudata cohors,
Stat. Achill. 2, 167.—Hence, to separate armies engaged in battle:commissas acies ego possum solvere,
Prop. 4 (5), 4, 59.—Of banquets, assemblies, etc.:(γ).convivio soluto,
Liv. 40, 14 fin.:convivium solvit,
Curt. 8, 5, 24; 8, 6, 16:Quid cessas convivia solvere?
Ov. F. 6, 675:coetuque soluto Discedunt,
id. M. 13, 898.—Hence, urbem (Capuam) solutam ac debilitatam reliquerunt, disfranchised, Cic. Agr. 2, 33, 91.—Of the words in discourse, orationem or versum solvere, to break up a sentence or verse:3.(discant) versus primo solvere, mox mutatis verbis interpretari,
Quint. 1, 9, 2:quod cuique visum erit vehementer, dulciter, speciose dictum, solvat ac turbet,
id. 9, 4, 14:ut partes orationis sibi soluto versu desideret et pedum proprietates,
id. 1, 8, 13:non, ut si solvas Postquam discordia tetra, etc., invenias etiam disjecti membra poetae,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 60.—Implying a change for the worse.a.To relax, make effeminate, weaken, by ease, luxury, dissipation, etc. (post-Aug.):b.Hannibalem hiberna solverunt,
Sen. Ep. 51, 5:usque eo nimio delicati animi languore solvuntur,
Sen. Brev. Vit. 12, 6:infantiam statim deliciis solvimus,
Quint. 1, 2, 6:solutus luxu,
id. 3, 8, 28; so Tac. A. 11, 31.—With in and acc.:soluti in luxum,
Tac. H. 2, 99:in lasciviam,
id. ib. 3, 38.— Transf.: versum solvere, to deprive a verse of its proper rhythm:si quinque continuos dactylos confundas solveris versum,
Quint. 9, 4, 49.—To make torpid by removing sensation.(α).To relax, benumb the limbs or body;(β).as by narcotics, terror, sickness, exhaustion: multaque praeterea languentia membra per artus solvunt,
Lucr. 6, 798:ima Solvuntur latera,
Verg. G. 3, 523:solvi debilitate corporis,
paralyzed, Val. Max. 1, 7, 4:ut soluto labitur moriens gradu,
Sen. Hippol. 368.—In mal. part., Hor. Epod. 12, 8; cf. Verg. G. 3, 523.— Poet.:illum aget, penna metuente solvi, Fama superstes,
Hor. C. 2, 2, 7.—Of the mind:segnitia (oratoris) solvit animos,
wearies, Quint. 11, 3, 52:mentes solvere,
to make insane, Plin. 25, 3, 7, § 25.—By frost ( poet.):(γ).solvuntur illi frigore membra,
Verg. A. 12, 951; 1, 92.—By sleep ( poet. for sopio):(δ).homines volucresque ferasque Solverat alta quies,
Ov. M. 7, 186:corpora somnus Solverat,
id. ib. 10, 369:molli languore solutus,
id. ib. 11, 648;11, 612: altoque sopore solutum,
id. ib. 8, 817:somno vinoque solutos,
id. F. 2, 333; Verg. A. 9, 236:ut membra solvit sopor,
id. ib. 12, 867:non solvit pectora somnus,
Sen. Agam. 76.—With in:solvitur in somnos,
Verg. A. 4, 530.— Transf., of the sea:aequor longa ventorum pace solutum,
lulled to sleep, Stat. Th. 3, 255.—By death: solvi, to die ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):4.ipse deus, simulatque volam, me solvet,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 78:corporibus quae senectus solvit,
Curt. 89, 32 (cf. A. 4. supra):(corpus) quam nullo negotio solvitur,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 2:alius inter cenandum solutus est,
id. Ep. 66, 43:ubicumque arietaveris, solveris,
id. Cons. Marc. 11, 3:me fata maturo exitu facilique solvant,
Sen. Troad. 605:solvi inedia,
Petr. 111:sic morte quasi somno soluta est,
Flor. 2, 21, 11.—Hence,Of logical dissolution, to refute:b.non tradit Epicurus quomodo captiosa solvantur,
how fallacies are refuted, Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 22:argumentum solvere,
Quint. 2, 17, 34:solutum scies quod nobis opponitur,
Sen. Const. 12, 3.—To disperse, dispel, as of a cloud:II. A.deorum beneficia tempestiva ingentes minas interventu suo solventia,
Sen. Ben. 4, 4, 2.In a corporeal sense.1.In gen., to loose (weaker than rumpo;2.post-Aug.): effringere quam aperire, rumpere quam solvere putant robustius,
Quint. 2, 12, 1:qua convulsa tota operis colligatio solveretur,
Val. Max. 8, 14, 6:supera compage soluta,
Stat. Th. 8, 31.—To remove a fetter, bridle, etc.:3.nullo solvente catenas,
Ov. M. 3, 700: vincla jugis boum, Tib. 2, 1, 7:solvere frenum,
Phaedr. 1, 2, 3:loris solutis,
Ov. A. A. 1, 41.— Transf., of prisons:qui, solutis ergastulis, exercitus numerum implevit,
Liv. Ep. 56; Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 10, 13; 11, 13, 2.—Of frost:gelu solvitur,
it thaws, Tac. H. 1, 79:solvitur acris hiems,
Hor. C. 1, 4, 1.—Of clouds:facit igitur ventum resoluta nubes, quae plurimis modis solvitur,
Sen. Q. N. 5, 12, 5; 5, 12, 1.—Of the grasp of hands, fingers, etc.:Aeacides a corpore bracchia solvit,
looses his hold, Ov. M. 11, 246:indigno non solvit bracchia collo,
Stat. Th. 5, 217:digitis solutis abjecit jaculum,
id. ib. 8, 585.—To untie a string, cord, necklace, etc., slacken or unlock an enclosure, open a box, trunk, etc.:B.solve vidulum ergo,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 98:eam solve cistulam,
id. Am. 2, 2, 151:solve zonam,
untie, id. Truc. 5, 62:solvisse jugalem ceston fertur,
Stat. Th. 5, 62:animai nodos a corpore solvit,
Lucr. 2, 950:nihil interest quomodo (nodi) solvantur,
Curt. 3, 1, 18:quid boni est, nodos operose solvere, quos ipse ut solveres feceris?
Sen. Ben. 5, 12, 2:solvere nodum,
Stat. Th. 11, 646:laqueum quem nec solvere possis, nec abrumpere,
Sen. Tranq. 10, 1:vix solvi duros a pectore nexus,
Ov. M. 9, 58:fasciam solve,
Sen. Ep. 80, 10:solutis fasciis,
Curt. 7, 6, 5:solvi fasciculum,
Cic. Att. 11, 9, 2:crinales vittas,
Verg. A. 7, 403:Parmenion vinculum epistulae solvens,
Curt. 7, 2, 25:equum empturus solvi jubes stratum,
Sen. Ep. 80, 9:redimicula solvite collo,
Ov. F. 4, 135:corollas de fronte,
Prop. 1, 3, 21:solvere portas,
Stat. Th. 3, 492:munimina valli,
id. ib. 12, 10:ille pharetram Solvit,
Ov. M. 5, 380.— Transf., of the veins as enclosures of the blood:solutis ac patefactis venis,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 15, 5:venam cultello solvere,
Col. 6, 14; cf.also: lychnis alvum solvit,
looses the bowels, Plin. 21, 26, 98, § 171; 21, 20, 83, § 140; Suet. Vesp. 24; Tac. A. 12, 67:ventrem,
Plin. 20, 8, 30, § 74.— Absol. (sc. alvum), Mart. 13, 29:stomachus solutus = venter solutus,
loose bowels, Petr. 117; Scrib. Comp. 92.—Trop., to slacken or remove a bond.1.Solvere aliquid (aliquod vinculum; cf. I. B. 1. supra).a.Of the mouth, etc., to open:b.talibus ora solvit verbis,
Ov. M. 15, 74; so id. ib. 1, 181; Tib. 4, 5, 14:ternis ululatibus ora Solvit,
Ov. M. 7, 191; 9, 427; id. Tr. 3, 11, 20; Stat. Achill. 1, 525:vix ora solvi patitur etiamnum timor,
Sen. Herc. Oet. 725; so,os promptius ac solutius,
Val. Max. 8, 7, ext. 1.— Transf., of an abyss:hic ora solvit Ditis invisi domus,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 664.—To remove, cancel; to destroy the force of a legal or moral obligation by expiration, death, etc.:c.si mors alterutrius interveniat, solvitur mandatum,
Gai. Inst. 3, 160:cum aliquis renunciaverit societati, societas solvitur,
id. ib. 3, 151; so id. ib. 3, 152:morte solvetur compromissum,
Dig. 4, 8, 27:soluto matrimonio,
ib. 24, 3, 2:solutum conjugium,
Juv. 9, 79:qui... conjugalia solvit,
Sen. Med. 144:nec conjugiale solutum Foedus in alitibus,
Ov. M. 11, 743:(sapiens) invitus beneficium per compensationem injuriae solvet,
cancel the obligation of a favor by the set-off of a wrong, Sen. Ep. 81, 17.—To efface guilt or wrong:d.magnis injuria poenis Solvitur,
Ov. F. 5, 304:solve nefas, dixit: solvit et ille nefas,
id. ib. 2, 44:culpa soluta mea est,
id. Tr. 4, 4, 10:neque tu verbis solves unquam quod mi re male feceris (i. e. injuriam),
Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 10.—Poenam solvere, to suffer punishment, i. e. to cancel the obligation of suffering, etc. (cf. 3. infra;e.less freq. than poenam persolvere, exsolvere): serae, sed justae tamen et debitae poenae solutae sunt,
Cic. Mil. 31, 85:capite poenas solvit,
Sall. J. 69, 4:meritas poenas solventem,
Curt. 6, 3, 14:poenarum solvendi tempus,
Lucr. 5, 1224:nunc solvo poenas,
Sen. Phoen. 172:hac manu poenas tibi solvam,
id. Hippol. 1177.—To remove, relieve, soothe affections, passions, etc.:f.atque animi curas e pectore solvat,
Lucr. 4, 908:curam metumque juvat Dulci Lyaeo solvere,
Hor. Epod. 9, 38:patrimonii cura solvatur,
Sen. Q. N. 3, praef. §2: Pyrrhus impetus sui terrore soluto,
Val. Max. 4, 3, 14:solvite corde metum,
Verg. A. 1, 562; so id. ib. 9, 90:solve metus animo,
Stat. Th. 2, 356:solvi pericula et metus narrant,
Plin. 11, 37, 52, § 140: neque adhuc Stheneleius iras Solverat Eurystheus, [p. 1727] Ov. M. 9, 274:hoc uno solvitur ira modo,
id. A. A. 2, 460:solvitque pudorem,
Verg. A. 4, 55.—Of sleep:g.quasi clamore solutus Sit sopor,
Ov. M. 3, 6, 30:nec verba, nec herbae audebunt longae somnum tibi solvere Lethes,
Luc. 6, 768; cf.:lassitudinem solvere,
Plin. 37, 10, 54, § 143. —Of any checks and barriers to motion, to remove.(α).To raise a siege:(β).solutam cernebat obsidionem,
Liv. 36, 10, 14:soluta obsidione,
id. 36, 31, 7:ad Locrorum solvendam obsidionem,
id. 27, 28, 17; cf. id. 37, 7, 7; 38, 5, 6; 42, 56 init.; 44, 13, 7; Curt. 4, 4, 1; Tac. A. 4, 24; 4, 73; Just. 9, 2, 10.—Of passions, etc., to remove restraint:(γ).cujus si talis animus est, solvamus nos ejus vincula, et claustra (i. e. irae) refringamus,
Liv. 36, 7, 13.—To overthrow, subvert a higher authority, etc.:h.quos (milites), soluto imperio, licentia corruperat,
Sall. J. 39, 5:imperia solvit qui tacet, jussus loqui,
Sen. Oedip. 525:sonipedes imperia solvunt,
id. Hippol. 1084; cf.:sanctitas fori ludis solvitur,
Quint. 11, 3, 58.—Of laws and customs, to abolish, violate:2.solvendarum legum id principium esse censebant (post-Aug. for dissolvendarum),
Curt. 10, 2, 5:solutae a se legis monitus,
Val. Max. 6, 5, ext. 4:cum plus quam ducentorum annorum morem solveremus,
Liv. 8, 4, 7:(Tarquinius) morem de omnibus senatum consulendi solvit,
id. 1, 49, 7:oportebat istum morem solvi,
Curt. 8, 8, 18.—Esp. with acc. of the bond, etc. (taking the place of the constr. I. B. 1. 2. 3. supra, when the abl. of separation is not admissible).a.To subvert discipline:b.disciplinam militarem solvisti,
Liv. 8, 7, 16:luxuria solutam disciplinam militarem esse,
id. 40, 1, 4:quod cum, ne disciplina solveretur, fecisset,
Front. Strat. 2, 12, 2.—Of strength, energy, attention, etc., to loosen, impair, weaken, scatter, disperse:c.nobilitas factione magis pollebat, plebis vis soluta atque dispersa,
Sall. J. 41, 6:patrios nervos externarum deliciarum contagione solvi et hebetari noluerunt,
Val. Max. 2, 6, 1:vires solvere,
Quint. 9, 4, 7:vis illa dicendi solvitur, et frigescit affectus,
Quint. 11, 3, 133.—Of affection, etc., to sever, dissolve, destroy:d.segnes nodum (amicitiae) solvere Gratiae,
Hor. C. 3, 21, 22;similarly: solvit (ille deus) amicos,
Prop. 2, 34 (3, 32), 5; so id. 2, 15 (3, 7), 26:hoc firmos solvit amores,
Ov. A. A. 2, 385:amores cantibus et herbis solvere,
Tib. 1, 2, 60.—Of sickness and hunger, to end, remove:e.vitex dicitur febres solvere,
Plin. 24, 9, 38, § 60:solvit jejunia granis,
Ov. F. 4, 607:quoniam jejunia virgo Solverat,
id. M. 5, 535; cf. Luc. 3, 282; so,famem,
Sen. Thyest. 64.—To delay:f.hi classis moras hac morte solvi rentur,
Sen. Troad. 1131.—Of darkness, to dispel:g.lux solverat umbras,
Stat. Th. 10, 390.—Of war, strife, etc., to compose, settle:h.aut solve bellum, mater, aut prima excipe,
Sen. Phoen. 406:electus formae certamina solvere pastor,
Stat. Achill. 2, 337:jurgia solvere,
Manil. 3, 115:contradictiones solvere,
Quint. 7, 1, 38.—Of difficulties, riddles, questions, ambiguities, etc., to solve, explain, remove:3.quia quaestionem solvere non posset,
Val. Max. 9, 12, ext. 3:aenigmata,
Quint. 8, 6, 53:omnes solvere posse quaestiones,
Suet. Gram. 11:haec ipsa, quae volvuntur ab illis, solvere malim et expandere,
Sen. Ep. 82, 20; id. Q. N. 7, 14, 1:unum tantum hoc solvendum est,
that one question, id. ib. 1, 7, 3:puta nunc me istuc non posse solvere,
id. Ep. 48, 6:carmina non intellecta Solverat,
Ov. M. 7, 760:triste carmen alitis solvi ferae,
Sen. Oedip. 102:nodos juris,
Juv. 8, 50:proponere aliquid quod solvat quaestionem,
Quint. 5, 10, 96:plurimas quaestiones illis probationibus solvi solere,
id. 1, 10, 49:quo solvitur quaestio supra tractata,
id. 3, 7, 3:ambiguitatem or amphiboliam,
id. 7, 2, 49; 7, 9, 10.—In partic., of obligations, to fulfil.a.To pay.(α).Originally, rem solvere, to free one's property and person (rem familiarem) from debts (solutio per aes et libram), according to the ancient formula:(β).quod ego tibi tot millibus condemnatus sum, me eo nomine... a te solvo liberoque hoc aere aeneaque libra,
Gai. Inst. 3, 174 Huschke; cf.:inde rem creditori palam populo solvit (i. e. per aes et libram),
Liv. 6, 14, 5:quas res dari, fieri, solvi oportuit,
id. 1, 32, 11. —Hence, rem solvere, to pay; often with dat. of person:pro vectura rem solvit?
paid the freight, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 27:ubi nugivendis res soluta'st omnibus,
id. Aul. 3, 5, 51:tibi res soluta est recte,
id. Curc. 4, 3, 21:ego quidem pro istac rem solvo ab tarpessita meo,
id. ib. 5, 2, 20:rem solvo omnibus quibus dehibeo,
id. ib. 5, 3, 45:dum te strenuas, res erit soluta,
id. Ps. 2, 2, 35:res soluta'st, Gripe, ego habeo,
id. Rud. 5, 3, 57.— Trop.: saepe edunt (aves);semel si captae sunt, rem solvont aucupi,
they repay him, pay for his expenses, Plaut. As. 1, 3, 66.—And to pay by other things than money:si tergo res solvonda'st,
by a whipping, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 54:habent hunc morem ut pugnis rem solvant si quis poscat clarius,
id. Curc. 3, 9:tibi quidem copia'st, dum lingua vivet, qui rem solvas omnibus,
id. Rud. 2, 6, 74.—Hence,Absol. (sc. rem), to pay; with or without dat. of person:(γ).cujus bona, quod populo non solvebat, publice venierunt,
Cic. Fl. 18, 43:ei cum solveret, sumpsit a C. M. Fufiis,
id. ib. 20, 46:misimus qui pro vectura solveret,
id. Att. 1, 3, 2:qui nimis cito cupit solvere, invitus debet,
Sen. Ben. 4, 40, 5:ut creditori solvat,
Dig. 30, 1, 49, § 7.— Pass. impers.:si dare vis mihi, Magis solutum erit quam ipsi dederis,
it will be a more valid payment, Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 46:numquam vehementius actum est quam me consule, ne solveretur,
to stop payments, Cic. Off. 2, 24, 84:fraudandi spe sublata solvendi necessitas consecuta est,
id. ib. 2, 24, 84:cum eo ipso quod necesse erat solvi, facultas solvendi impediretur,
Liv. 6, 34, 1.—Cf. in the two senses, to free from debt, and to pay, in the same sentence:non succurrere vis illi, sed solvere. Qui sic properat, ipse solvi vult, non solvere,
Sen. Ben. 6, 27, 1.—With acc. of the debt, to discharge, to pay:(δ).postquam Fundanio debitum solutum esset,
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 3, § 10:hoc quod debeo peto a te ut... solutum relinquas,
settled, id. Att. 16, 6, 3:solverat Castricio pecuniam jam diu debitam,
id. Fl. 23, 54:ex qua (pensione) major pars est ei soluta,
id. Att. 16, 2, 1:solvi aes alienum Pompejus ex suo fisco jussit,
Val. Max. 6, 2, 11:aes alienum solvere,
Sen. Ep. 36, 5:quae jactatio est, solvisse quod debebas?
id. Ben. 4, 17, 1; so,debitum solvere,
id. ib. 6, 30, 2:ne pecunias creditas solverent,
Cic. Pis. 35, 86:ut creditae pecuniae solvantur,
Caes. B. C. 3, 20; 3, 1:ex thensauris Gallicis creditum solvi posse,
Liv. 6, 15, 5:ita bona veneant ut solidum suum cuique solvatur,
Cic. Rab. Post. 17, 46.—And of moral debts:cum patriae quod debes solveris,
Cic. Marcell. 9, 27:debet vero, solvitque praeclare,
id. Phil. 13, 11, 25:aliter beneficium, aliter creditum solvitur,
Sen. Ben. 2, 34, 1:qui grate beneficium accipit, primam ejus pensionem solvit,
id. ib. 2, 22 fin. —By a confusion of construction, solvere pecuniam, etc., to pay money, etc. (for pecunia rem or debitum solvere); constr. with dat. or absol.:(ε).emi: pecuniam solvi,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 20, § 43:pro frumento nihil solvit,
id. ib. 2, 3, 72, §169: legatis pecuniam pro frumento solvit,
Liv. 44, 16:hanc pecuniam cum solvere in praesenti non posset,
Nep. Milt. 7, 6:nisi pecuniam solvisset,
id. Cim. 1, 1:condiciones pacis dictae ut decem millia talentum argenti... solverent,
Liv. 30, 37 med.:pro quo (frumento) pretium solveret populus Romanus,
id. 36, 3, 1:pretium servorum ex aerario solutum est dominis,
id. 32, 26, 14:pretium pro libris domino esse solvendum,
id. 40, 39 fin.:meritam mercedem,
id. 8, 22, 3; so id. 8, 11, 4: sorte creditum solvere, by paying the principal (i. e. without interest), id. 6, 36, 12:quae praemia senatus militibus ante constituit, ea solvantur,
Cic. Phil. 14, 14, 38:stipendium,
Liv. 28, 32, 1:dotem mulieri,
Dig. 24, 3, 2:litem aestimatam,
the amount of a fine, Nep. Cim. 5, 18 fin.:arbitria funeris,
the expenses of the funeral, Cic. Red. Sen. 7, 18:solvere dodrantem,
to pay seventy-five per cent., Mart. 8, 9, 1:dona puer solvit,
paid the promised gifts, Ov. M. 9, 794; so,munera,
id. ib. 11, 104.— Transf., of the dedication of a book, in return for favors:et exspectabo ea (munera) quae polliceris, et erunt mihi pergrata si solveris... Non solvam nisi prius a te cavero, etc.,
Cic. Brut. 4, 17 sq. —Of the delivery of slaves:si quis duos homines promise rit et Stichum solverit,
Dig. 46, 3, 67; 46, 3, 38, § 3.— Transf., poet.: dolorem solvisti, you have paid your grief, i. e. have duly mourned, Stat. S. 2, 6, 98.— Pass. with personal subject:si (actor) solutus fuisset,
Dig. 12, 1, 31 (cf.: solvere militem, b supra). —Esp., in certain phrases, to pay:b.aliquid praesens solvere,
to pay in cash, Cic. Att. 16, 2, 1; so,aliquid de praesentibus solvere,
Sen. Ep. 97, 16:solvere grates (= referre gratiam muneribus): Sulla solvit grates Dianae,
Vell. 2, 25:quas solvere grates sufficiam?
Stat. S. 4, 2, 7: cum homo avarus, ut ea (beneficia) solveret sibi imperare non posset, etc., Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 12, 1; cf.: non dicimus reposuit beneficium aut solvit;nullum nobis placuit quod aeri alieno convenit verbum,
Sen. Ep. 81, 9; but v. id. Ben. 2, 18, 5: in debitum solvere, to make a partial payment:unum haec epistula in debitum solvet,
id. Ep. 7, 10: aliquid solvere ab aliquo (de aliqua re), to pay out of funds supplied by any one ( out of any fund):Quintus laborat ut tibi quod debet ab Egnatio solvat,
Cic. Att. 7, 18, 4:homines dicere, se a me solvere,
id. ib. 5, 21, 11:(summa) erat solvenda de meo,
Plin. Ep. 2, 4, 2:operas solvere alicui,
to work for somebody, Dig. 40, 7, 39: solvo operam Dianae, I work for Diana, i. e. offer a sacrifice to her, Afran. ap. Non. 12, 21: judicatum solvere, to pay the amount adjudged by the court, for which security (satisdatio) was required:stipulatio quae appellatur judicatum solvi,
Gai. Inst. 4, 90:iste postulat ut procurator judicatum solvi satisdaret,
Cic. Quint. 7, 29; so Dig. 3, 2, 28; 3, 3, 15; 2, 8, 8;2, 8, 14 et saep.: auctio solvendis nummis,
a cash auction, Mart. 14, 35.— Gerund.: solvendo esse, to be solvent; jurid. t. t., to be able to pay, i. e. one's debts; cf.in full: nec tamen solvendo aeri alieno respublica esset,
Liv. 31, 13:nemo dubitat solvendo esse eum qui defenditur,
Dig. 50, 17, 105:qui modo solvendo sint,
Gai. Inst. 1, 3, 121:si solvendo sint,
Paul. Sent. 1, 20, 1:nec interest, solvendo sit, necne,
Dig. 30, 1, 49, § 5; so ib. 46, 1, 10; 46, 1, 27, § 2; 46, 1, 51, §§ 1 and 4; 46, 1, 52, § 1; 46, 1, 28; 50, 17, 198 et saep.: non solvendo esse, to be insolvent:solvendo non erat,
Cic. Att. 13, 10, 3:cum solvendo civitates non essent,
id. Fam. 3, 8, 2:tu nec solvendo eras, nec, etc.,
id. Phil. 2, 2, 4:ne videatur non fuisse solvendo,
id. Off. 2, 22, 79;and very freq. in the jurists.—So, trop.: quid matri, quid flebili patriae dabis? Solvendo non es,
Sen. Oedip. 941; cf.:*non esse ad solvendum (i. e. able to pay),
Vitr. 10, 6 fin. —To fulfil the duty of burial.(α).Justa solvere; with dat. of the person:(β).qui nondum omnia paterno funeri justa solvisset,
who had not yet finished the burial ceremonies of his father, Cic. Rosc. Am. 8, 23:justis defunctorum corporibus solutis,
Curt. 3, 12, 15:proinde corpori quam primum justa solvamus,
id. 10, 6, 7:ut justa soluta Remo,
Ov. F. 5, 452:nunc justa nato solve,
Sen. Hippol. 1245.—Exsequias, inferias or suprema solvere:c.exsequiis rite solutis,
Verg. A. 7, 5:cruor sancto solvit inferias viro,
Sen. Hippol. 1198:solvere suprema militibus,
Tac. A. 1, 61.—Votum solvere, to fulfil a vow to the gods.(α).Alone:(β).vota ea quae numquam solveret nuncupavit,
Cic. Phil. 3, 4, 11:quod si factum esset, votum rite solvi non posse,
Liv. 31, 9 fin.:liberare et se et rempublicam religione votis solvendis,
id. 40, 44, 8:placatis diis votis rite solvendis,
id. 36, 37 fin.:petiit ut votum sibi solvere liceret,
id. 45, 44:animosius a mercatore quam a vectore solvitur votum,
Sen. Ep. 73, 5:vota pro incolumitate solvebantur,
Tac. A. 2, 69:vota pater solvit,
Ov. M. 9, 707:ne votum solvat,
Mart. 12, 91, 6; 8, 4, 2; Val. Max. 6, 9, 5 ext.; 1, 1, 8 ext. — Poet.:voti debita solvere,
Ov. F. 5, 596; cf.the abbrev. formula V. S. L. M. (voTVM SOLVIT LIBENS MERITO),
Inscr. Orell. 186; 1296 sq.:V.S.A.L. (ANIMO LIBENTI),
ib. 2022 et saep.:sacra solvere (=votum solvere),
Manil. 1, 427.—With dat.:d.ait sese Veneri velle votum solvere,
Plaut. Rud. prol. 60:vota Jovi solvo,
Ov. M. 7, 652; 8, 153:sunt vota soluta deae,
id. F. 6, 248:dis vota solvis,
Sen. Ben. 5, 19, 4:libamenta Veneri solvere (=votum per libamenta),
Just. 18, 5, 4.—Fidem solvere, to fulfil a promise (post-class. for fidem praestare, [p. 1728] exsolvere; cf.:e.fidem obligatam liberare,
Suet. Claud. 9):illi, ut fidem solverent, clipeis obruere,
Flor. 1, 1, 12;similarly: et voti solverat ille fidem (=votum solverat),
Ov. F. 1, 642; but cf.: itane imprudens? tandem inventa'st causa: solvisti fidem, you have found a pretext to evade your promise (cf. II. A. 3.), Ter. And. 4, 1, 18: esset, quam dederas, morte soluta fides, by my death your promise to marry me would have been cancelled (cf. II. B. 1. 6.), Ov. H. 10, 78; similarly: suam fidem (i. e. quam Lepido habuerit) solutam esse, that his faith in Lepidus was broken, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 3.—With a different construction: se depositi fide solvere, to acquit one's self of the duty to return property intrusted to him (cf. I. B. 1. c.), Val. Max. 7, 3, 5 ext.: factique fide data munera solvit, he freed the gift already given from the obligation of an accomplished fact, i. e. he revoked the gifts, although already made, Ov. M. 11, 135.—Promissum solvere, to fulfil a promise (very rare):A.perinde quasi promissum solvens,
Val. Max. 9, 6, 1:solvitur quod cuique promissum est,
Sen. Cons. Marc. 20 fin.;similarly: solutum, quod juraverant, rebantur,
what they had promised under oath, Liv. 24, 18, 5.—Hence, sŏlūtus, a, um, P. a., free, loose, at large, unfettered, unbandaged.Lit.1.(Acc. to I.A. 1. supra.) Pigeat nostrum erum si eximat aut solutos sinat, Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 11:2.tibi moram facis quom ego solutus sto,
id. Ep. 5, 2, 25:reus solutus causam dicis, testes vinctos attines,
id. Truc. 4, 3, 63:cum eos vinciret quos secum habebat, te solutum Romam mittebat?
Cic. Deiot. 7, 22:nec quisquam ante Marium solutus dicitur esse sectus,
unbandaged, id. Tusc. 2, 22, 53:duos (captivos) solutos ire ad Hannibalem jussit,
Liv. 27, 51:eum interdiu solutum custodes sequebantur, nocte clausum asservabant,
id. 24, 45, 10:non efficiatis ut solutos verear quos alligatos adduxit,
Val. Max. 6, 2, 3.—(Acc. to I. A. 2.) Of texture, etc.; esp. of soil, loose, friable (opp spissus;3.postAug.): quo solutior terra facilius pateat radicibus,
Sen. Ep. 90, 21;ordeum nisi solutum et siccum locum non patitur,
Col. 2, 9:soluta et facilis terra,
id. 3, 14;solum solutum vel spissum,
id. 2, 2 init.;seri vult raphanus terra soluta, umida,
Plin. 19, 5, 26, § 83:hordeum seri non vult, nisi in sicca et soluta terra,
id. 18, 7, 18, § 79:solutiores ripae,
Front. Aquaed. 15.—Of plants:mas spissior, femina solutior,
Plin. 25, 9, 57, § 103.—Hence, subst.: sŏlūtum, i, n., a state of looseness:dum vult describere, quem ad modum alia torqueantur fila, alia ex molli solutoque ducantur,
Sen. Ep. 90, 20.—(Acc. to I. A. 3.) Rarefied, thin, diffused:B.turbo, quo celsior eo solutior laxiorque est, et ob hoc diffunditur,
Sen. Q. N. 7, 9, 3:aer agitatus a sole calefactusque solutior est,
id. ib. 1, 2, 10:debet aer nec tam spissus esse, nec tam tenuis et solutus, ut, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 2, 11.—Trop.1.(Acc. to I. B. 1.) Of speech, unfettered, fluent, ready:2.(orator) solutus in explicandis sententiis,
Cic. Or. 47, 173:verbis solutus satis,
id. ib. 47, 174:solutissimus in dicendo,
id. ib. 48, 180.—Exempt, free from duties, obligations, etc.:3.quam ob rem viderer maximis beneficii vinculis obstrictus, cum liber essem et solutus?
Cic. Planc. 30, 72:soluta (praedia) meliore in causa sunt quam obligata,
unmortgaged, id. Agr. 3, 2, 9:si reddidi (debitum), solutus sum ac liber,
Sen. Ben. 2, 18, 5;non ut gratus, sed ut solutus sim,
id. ib. 4, 21, 3;solutus omni fenore,
Hor. Epod. 2, 4;nam ea (religione) magister equitum solutus ac liber potuerit esse,
Liv. 8, 32, 5:Mamertini soli in omni orbe terrarum vacui, expertes soluti ac liberi fuerunt ab omni sumptu, molestia, munere,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 10, § 23.—Free from punishment, not punishable, not liable, etc.: qui mancipia vendunt, certiores faciunt emptores quis fugitivus sit, noxave solutus, Edict. Aedil. ap. Dig. 21, 1, 1, § 1; Gell. 4, 2, 1; cf.:4.quod aiunt aediles noxae solutus non sit sic intellegendum est... noxali judicio subjectum non esse,
Dig. 21, 1, 17, § 17:apud quos libido etiam permissam habet et solutam licentiam,
Cic. Rep. 4, 4, 4:omne illud tempus habeat per me solutum ac liberum,
i. e. let the crimes then committed be unpunished, id. Verr. 2, 1, 12, § 33: antea vacuum id solutumque poena fuerat, Tac. A. 14, 28.—With subj. inf.:maxime solutum fuit, prodere de iis, etc.,
Tac. A. 4, 35: solutum existimatur esse, alteri male dicere, Caecil. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 3.—Free from cares, undistracted:5.animo soluto liberoque,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 75, § 185:sed paulo solutiore tamen animo,
id. ib. 2, 5, 31, § 82.—At leisure, free from labor, business, etc.:6.te rogo ut eum solutum, liberum, confectis ejus negotiis a te, quamprimum ad me remittas,
Cic. Fam. 13, 63, 2:quo mea ratio facilior et solutior esse possit,
id. ib. 3, 5, 1.—With gen.:Genium Curabis Cum famulis operum solutis,
Hor. C. 3, 17, 16.—Unbound, relaxed, merry, jovial:7.quam homines soluti ridere non desinant, tristiores autem, etc.,
Cic. Dom. 39, 104:an tu existimas quemquam soluto vultu et hilari oculo mortem contemnere?
Sen. Ep. 23, 4:vultus,
Stat. Th. 5, 355:(mores) naturam sequentium faciles sunt, soluti sunt,
unembarrassed, Sen. Ep. 122, 17.—Free from the rule of others, uncontrolled, independent:8.cum videas civitatis voluntatem solutam, virtutem alligatam,
Cic. Att. 2, 18, 1:ab omni imperio externo soluta in perpetuum Hispania,
Liv. 29, 1 fin.:Masinissae ab imperio Romano solutam libertatem tribuit,
Val. Max. 7, 2, 6:incerti, solutique, et magis sine domino quam in libertate, Vononem in regnum accipiunt,
Tac. A. 2, 4:quorum (militum) libertas solutior erat,
Just. 13, 2, 2.—Of animals:rectore solutos (solis) equos,
Stat. Th. 1, 219.—Free from influence or restraint; hence, independent, unbiassed, unprejudiced:9.nec vero deus ipse alio modo intellegi potest, nisi mens soluta quaedam et libera,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 27, 66;cum animi sine ratione motu ipsi suo soluto ac libero incitarentur,
id. Div. 1, 2, 4:judicio senatus soluto et libero,
id. Phil. 5, 15, 41:sum enim ad dignitatem in re publica solutus,
id. Att. 1, 13, 2:libero tempore cum soluta vobis est eligendi optio,
id. Fin. 1, 10, 33:si omnia mihi essent solutissima, tamen in re publica non alius essem atque nunc sum,
id. Fam. 1, 9, 21:liberi enim ad causas solutique veniebant,
uncommitted, id. Verr. 2, 2, 78, § 192.—Free from moral restraint; hence, unbridled, insolent, loose:10.amores soluti et liberi,
Cic. Rep. 4, 4, 4:licentia,
id. ib. 4, 4, 4:populi quamvis soluti ecfrenatique sint,
id. ib. 1, 34, 53:quis erat qui sibi solutam P. Clodii praeturam sine maximo metu proponeret? Solutam autem fore videbatis, nisi esset is consul qui eam auderet possetque constringere,
id. Mil. 13, 34:quominus conspectus, eo solutior erat,
Liv. 27, 31 fin.:adulescentes aliquot quorum, in regno, libido solutior fuerat,
id. 2, 1, 2:solutioris vitae primos adulescentiae annos egisse fertur,
a licentious life, Val. Max. 2, 6, 1:spectandi solutissimum morem corrigere,
Suet. Aug. 44:mores soluti,
licentious habits, Just. 3, 3, 10.—Regardless of rules, careless, loose:11.orator tam solutus et mollis in gestu,
Cic. Brut. 62, 225:dicta factaque ejus solutiora, et quandam sui neglegentiam praeferentia,
Tac. A. 16, 18.—Esp., of style, etc., free from rules of composition.(α).Oratio soluta, verba soluta, a free style, conversational or epistolary style:(β).est oratio aliqua vincta atque contexta, soluta alia, qualis in sermone et epistulis,
Quint. 9, 4, 19; 9, 4, 20; 9, 4, 69; 9, 4, 77.—More freq.: verba soluta, oratio soluta, prose (opp. to verse);(γ).in full: scribere conabar verba soluta modis, Ov Tr. 4, 10, 24: quod (Isocrates) verbis solutis numeros primus adjunxerit,
Cic. Or. 52, 174:mollis est enim oratio philosophorum... nec vincta numeris, sed soluta liberius,
id. ib. 19, 64; 71, 234;68, 228: si omnes soluta oratione scripserunt,
Varr. R. R. 4, 1; de heisce rebus treis libros ad te mittere institui;de oratione soluta duos, de poetica unum,
id. L. L. 6, 11 fin.:ut in soluta oratione, sic in poemateis,
id. ib. 7, 1:primus (Isocrates) intellexit. etiam in soluta oratione, dum versum effugeres modum et numerum quemdam debere servari,
Cic. Brut. 8, 32:Aristoteles judicat heroum numerum grandiorem quam desideret soluta oratio,
id. Or. 57, 192:et creticus et paeon quam commodissume putatur in solutam orationem illigari,
id. ib. 64, 215:a modis quibusdam, cantu remoto, soluta esse videatur oratio,
id. ib. 55, 183; 55, 184; id. de Or. 3, 48, 184: historia est quodammodo carmen solutum, Quint. 10, 1, 31.—Also in reference to a prose rhythm, loose, unrhythmical, inharmonious:(δ).ut verba neque inligata sint, quasi... versus, neque ita soluta ut vagentur,
Cic. de Or. 3, 44, 176; 3, 48, 186:nec vero haec (Callidii verba) soluta nec diffluentia, sed astricta numeris,
id. Brut. 79, 274:orator sic illigat sententiam verbis ut eam numero quodam complectatur et astricto et soluto,
id. de Or. 3, 44, 175; but: verba soluta suis figuris, words freed from their proper meaning, i.e. metaphors, Manil. 1, 24.—Rarely with reference to the thought: soluta oratio, a fragmentary, disconnected style:12.soluta oratio, et e singulis non membris, sed frustis, collata, structura caret,
Quint. 8, 5, 27; cf. id. 9, 4, 69:solutiora componere,
id. 10, 4, 1; 9, 4, 15.—Effeminate, luxurious (acc. to I. B. 3.):13.sinum togae in dextrum umerum reicere, solutum ac delicatum est,
Quint. 11, 3, 146.—Undisciplined, disorderly:14.omnia soluta apud hostes esse,
Liv. 8, 30, 3:nihil temeritate solutum,
Tac. A. 13, 40:apud Achaeos neglecta omnia ac soluta fuere,
Just. 34, 2, 2.—Lax, remiss, weak:C.mea lenitas adhuc si cui solutior visa erat,
Cic. Cat. 2, 12, 27:Ciceronem male audivisse, tamquam solutum et enervem,
Tac. Or. 18:soluti ac fluentes,
Quint. 1, 2, 8.—Hence:solutum genus orationis,
a lifeless, dull style, Val. Max. 8, 10, 3:quanto longius abscederent, eo solutiore cura,
laxer attention, Liv. 3, 8, 8.—(Acc. to II. B. 3. e supra.) Paid, discharged, only as subst.: sŏlūtum, i, n., that which is paid, a discharged debt, in certain phrases:1.aliquid in solutum dare,
to give something in payment, Dig. 46, 3, 45; 46, 3, 46; 46, 3, 60: in solutum accipere, to accept in payment:qui voluntatem bonam in solutum accipit,
Sen. Ben. 7, 16, 4:qui rem in solutum accipit,
Dig. 42, 4, 15; 12, 1, 19;in solutum imputare,
to charge as payment, Sen. Ep. 8, 10; aliquid pro soluto est, is considered as paid or cancelled:pro soluto id in quo creditor accipiendo moram fecit, oportet esse,
Dig. 46, 3, 72: pro soluto usucapere, to acquire by prescription something given in payment by the debtor, but not belonging to him:pro soluto usucapit qui rem debiti causa recepit,
Dig. 41, 3, 46.— Adv.: sŏlūtē.Thinly:2.corpora diffusa solute,
Lucr. 4, 53.—Of speech, fluently:3. 4.non refert videre quid dicendum est, nisi id queas solute ac suaviter dicere,
Cic. Brut. 29, 110:ita facile soluteque volvebat sententias,
id. ib. 81, 280:quid ipse compositus alias, et velut eluctantium verborum, solutius promptiusque eloquebatur,
Tac. A. 4, 31.—Freely, without restraint:5. 6.generaliter puto judicem justum... solutius aequitatem sequi,
i. e. without strictly regarding the letter of the law, Dig. 11, 7, 14, § 13.—Of manners and discipline, disorderly, negligently:7.praecipue sub imperio Cn. Manlii solute ac neglegenter habiti sunt (exercitus),
Liv. 39, 1, 4:in stationibus solute ac neglegenter agentes,
id. 23, 37, 6.—Weakly, tamely, without vigor:8.quod ille tam solute egisset, tam leniter, tam oscitanter,
Cic. Brut. 80, 277.—Of morals, loosely, without restraint:ventitabat illuc Nero, quo solutius urbem extra lasciviret,
Tac. A. 13, 47. -
14 salubris
sălūbris, e ( masc. collat. form sălū-ber, Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 8; Ov. R. Am. 704; but salubris, m., Cic. Div. 1, 57, 130; Cels. 1, 3; 2, 1; 3, 6; abl. salubri, v. Neue, Formenl. 2, p. 30), adj. [salus], health-giving, promoting health, healthful, wholesome, salubrious; salutary, serviceable, advantageous, beneficial (v. salutaris init.).I.Lit. (freq. and class.)(α).Absol.:(β).saluber locus,
Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 8; so Cic. Fat. 4, 7 (opp. pestilens); id. Rep. 2, 6, 11 (opp. pestilens regio); 1, 1, 1; id. de Or. 2, 71, 290; Cels. 1, 3 (opp. gravis); cf.:sunt partes agrorum aliae pestilentes, aliae salubres,
Cic. Div. 1, 36, 79.— Comp.:salubrior ager,
Varr. R. R. 1, 4, 3.— Sup.: saluberrimae regiones, * Caes. B. C. 3, 2 fin.:Apennino saluberrimo montium,
Plin. Ep. 1, 6, 2:Esquiliae,
Hor. S. 1, 8, 14:silvae,
id. Ep. 1, 4, 4:aquae,
id. C. S. 31:irriguis ora salubris aquis,
Ov. Am. 2, 16, 2:fluvius,
Verg. G. 1, 272:aura,
Ov. A. A. 3, 693:caelum,
Col. 1, 2:si Baiae salubres repente factae sunt,
Cic. Fam. 9, 12, 1:salubrisne an pestilens annus futurus sit,
id. Div. 1, 57, 130; cf.:saluberrimum (tempus) ver est... saluberrimi sunt sereni dies... salubriores septentrionales quam subsolani, etc.... nam fere ventus ubique a mediterraneis regionibus veniens salubris, a mari gravis est,
Cels. 2, 1:aestates,
Hor. S. 2, 4, 21:stellae,
id. ib. 1, 7, 24:sidus,
Luc. 1, 661:afflatus ex Apenninis,
Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 29:cultus atque victus,
strengthening, nourishing, Cic. Div. 1, 29, 61; id. Or. 26, 90 infra; cf.:suci Ambrosiae,
Verg. A. 12, 418:saluberrimum acetum,
Plin. 21, 14, 48, § 82:saluberrimi potus,
id. 31, 2, 19, § 28:somnus,
Verg. G. 3, 530:in medicinā alia salubria alia insalubria,
Quint. 3, 2, 3:princeps,
i. e. mindful of the good of others, Suet. Aug. 42:Phoebe saluber, ades,
Ov. R. Am. 704:o salute meā salus salubrior!
Plaut. Cist. 3, 13:quicquid est salsum aut salubre in oratione,
sound, solid, Cic. Or. 26, 90:sententiae exemplo haud salubres,
Liv. 2, 30; cf.:(factum) severitate exempli salubre,
Plin. Ep. 2, 11, 1:consilia,
Cic. Att. 8, 12, 5; cf.:hiems saluberrimis consiliis absumpta,
Tac. Agr. 21:mendacium,
Liv. 2, 64:justitia legesque,
Hor. A. P. 198:verba,
Ov. F. 6, 753:factum,
Ov. R. Am. 316:pretium,
advantageous, profitable, Col. 7, 3, 22; Mart. 10, 104, 14:exempla,
Gell. 6, 10, 1; cf. infra, adv.—With dat., ad aliquid, contra (cf. salutaris):II.(sententiam) dixi rei publicae saluberrimam,
Cic. Dom. 7, 16:vinum firmum, corpori salubre,
Col. 12, 27; so,et gravi Malvae salubres corpori,
Hor. Epod. 2, 58; Cato, R. R. 157, 12; cf.:salubris parum urbs valetudini suae,
Suet. Aug. 72:liber salubrior studiis quam dulcior,
Quint. 3, 1, 5:leges rem salubriorem inopi quam potenti (esse),
Liv. 2, 3, 4:saluberrima Romano imperio juga Alpium,
Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 31:ad omnes res salubre est,
Cato, R. R. 156, 1:icterias existimatur salubris contra regios morbos,
Plin. 37, 10, 61, § 470.—Transf., in a neutr. sense, of the human body, healthy, sound, well, vigorous (very rare, and for the most part not till after the Aug. per.;not in Cic.): genus hominum salubri corpore,
Sall. J. 17, 6:salubriora etiam credente corpora esse,
Liv. 1, 31; 3, 8:(exercitum) mutatione locorum salubriorem esse,
id. 10, 28; Tac. H. 5, 6:ut salubri sint corpore pecora,
Col. 6, 4, 1; Mart. 10, 47, 6; cf. Liv. 10, 25.— Sup.:gentes quae saluberrimis corporibus utuntur,
Tac. Or. 41.—Hence, adv.: sălūbrĭ-ter, healthfully, wholesomely, salubriously; profitably, advantageously:ubi potest illa aetas aut calescere... aut vicissim umbris aquisve refrigerari salubrius?
Cic. Sen. 16, 57; Col. 1, 8, 12; 2, 9, 14:ut salubrius litigantes consisterent,
Plin. 19, 1, 6, § 24:nasci,
Gell. 3, 10, 8.— Sup.:saluberrime,
Plin. 22, 12, 14, § 29:bellum trahi salubriter,
beneficially, advantageously, Liv. 3, 62: leges emendatae utiliter, latae salubriter, Vell. 2, 89, 4; Gell. 2, 29, 1 al.; cf.emere,
i. e. at a cheap rate, Plin. Ep. 1, 24, 4:ut (laesa) quam saluberrime reficiantur,
id. ib. 6, 30, 3. -
15 resolvo
rĕ-solvo, solvi, sŏlūtum, 3, v. a., to untie, unfasten, unbind; to loose, loosen, release, open (not freq. till after the Aug. per.; cf.: relaxo, resero, recludo, libero).I.Lit.A.In gen.:B.equos,
to unyoke, Ov. F. 4, 180; cf.:juncta juga leonibus,
Cat. 63, 76:quem suā sponte vinxerit, non resolvat, etc.,
Col. 1, 8, 16; 11, 1, 22:cinctas vestes,
Ov. M. 1, 382; cf.nodum,
Cels. 7, 4, 4:fila,
to loose, separate, Ov. M. 2, 654:vulnera,
to unbind, Quint. 6, 1, 30; 49:oras,
to cast loose from the shore, Liv. 22, 19, 10 Drak. N. cr.:virginem catenis,
i. e. to release, Ov. M. 4, 737; cf.:crura vinclis,
id. A. A. 3, 272:(puella) resoluta capillos,
id. Am. 2, 14, 39:claustra,
to open, Lucr. 1, 415:litteras,
Liv. 26, 15:venas,
Tac. A. 6, 48:jugulum mucrone,
Ov. M. 1, 227:ferro,
id. ib. 6, 643:manum in diversum,
Quint. 11, 3, 97:fauces haec in verba,
Ov. M. 2, 282; cf.:exspectato Ora sono,
id. ib. 13, 126:fatis ora,
Verg. G. 4, 452;and simply ora,
id. A. 3, 457:ignis aurum resolvit,
melts, dissolves, Lucr. 6, 967:nivem,
to melt, thaw, Ov. Tr. 3, 10, 13; cf.:resolutus repente Rhenus,
Suet. Dom. 6:margaritas in tabem,
Plin. 9, 35, 58, § 120:glaebam in pulverem,
Col. 11, 2, 60:nummos,
to melt down, Lampr. Alex. Sev. 30 fin. — Poet.:nebulas ventis ac sole,
to disperse, dissipate, scatter, Ov. M. 14, 400; cf.tenebras (sidere),
Verg. A. 8, 591:resoluta caligo,
Sil. 5, 58: Zephyro se glaeba, becomes loose or soft, Verg. G. 1, 44; Curt. 4, 6, 11:terra resoluta,
Col. 4, 1, 4; 11, 3, 5:muros ariete,
to break down, Sil. 5, 553:cinctos muros,
id. 12, 495:saxa,
id. 1, 369. —In partic.1.To relax, unnerve, enervate, enfeeble the body (cf. remitto):2.felicitas hos inflat, illos mollit et totos resolvit,
Sen. Ep. 36, 1:(Cerberus) immania terga resolvit Fusus humi,
stretched out, Verg. A. 6, 422:nexos artus,
id. ib. 4, 695:utrumque (concubitus),
Ov. A. A. 2, 683:corpus (somno),
id. M. 7, 328:placitā resoluta quiete,
id. ib. 9, 468:membra ad molles choros,
Prop. 2, 34 (3, 32), 42; Curt. 4, 16, 13:fatigatione resolutus,
id. 6, 8, 21; 9, 5, 10.—Mostly ante-class., to pay a debt:II.minas,
Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 39:argentum,
id. ib. 3, 2, 16; id. Men. 5, 5, 30:pro vecturā,
id. As. 2, 4, 27; cf. Cato, R. R. 144, 3; 145, 1; 148, 2:damnum boni viri arbitratu resolvere,
id. ib. 149, 2. —Trop.A.In gen. (acc. to I. A.), to separate, unbind, set free, release; to disclose, show, reveal, lay open; to annul, cancel, make void, abolish, destroy (syn. rescindo):B.ipsas periodos majoribus intervallis et velut laxioribus nodis resolvemus,
Quint. 9, 4, 127:quoniam, quā fieri quicquid posset ratione, resolvi,
have disclosed, shown, Lucr. 5, 773:teque piacula nulla resolvent,
release, Hor. C. 1, 28, 34:amore resolutus,
Tib. 1, 10, 83:(Hannibal) Quod sponte abscedat tandemque resolvat Ausoniam,
liberate, Sil. 17, 206:resoluta legibus urbs,
id. 11, 36:ira resoluta frenis legum,
Luc. 2, 145:litem quod lite resolvit,
does away with, ends, Hor. S. 2, 3, 103:invitat genialis hiems curasque resolvit,
banishes, dispels, Verg. G. 1, 302:tristitiam animi,
Plin. 24, 6, 15, § 24:dolos tecti ambagesque,
i. e. find the way through, Verg. A. 6, 29:jura (pudoris),
id. ib. 4, 27:dolos fraudesque,
Sil. 7, 153:gaudia ferro,
id. 13, 508:amphiboliam,
to destroy, remove, Quint. 7, 9, 4:ambiguitatem,
id. 12, 2, 13:dicta ex parte diversā,
i. e. refute, id. 5, 13, 12:vectigal et onera commerciorum,
to abolish, Tac. H. 4, 65:stipulationem,
Dig. 21, 2, 57 fin.:conventionem,
ib. 41, 5, 2:emptionem,
ib. 18, 2, 2 et saep. —In partic. (acc. to I. B.).1.To relax, soften:2.disciplinam militarem,
Tac. H. 1, 51:judices,
Quint. 4, 2, 19; id. 8, prooem § 12. —To pay:2.unā plagā (cf. I. B. 2. supra),
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 73 (but in Cic. Phil. 14, 14, 38, the correct reading is persoluturum). — Hence, rĕsŏlūtus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to I. B. 1.), relaxed, enervated, effeminate:corpora juvenum (with fluxa), Col. praef. § 17: minister Idaeo resolutior cinaedo,
Mart. 10, 98.—Free, unhampered: os, Val.Max. 8, 7, ext. 1.—3.Unbridled:gaudia,
Sil. 11, 305.— Adv.: rĕsŏlūtē, without restraint:quo resolutius decachinnetis,
more unrestrainedly, Tert. ad Nat. 1, 19. -
16 vicis
vĭcis (as a gen.; the nom. does not occur), vicem, vice; in plur., vices (nom. and acc.) and vicibus (dat. and abl.), f. [cf. Gr. eikô, to yield; root Wik-; v. Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 135], change, interchange, alternation, alternate or reciprocal succession, vicissitude (the gen. not ante-Aug.; the other cases class.).I.Lit.A.In gen. (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose; for which, in class. prose, vicissitudo).(α).Sing.: ignotus juvenum coetus alternā vice Inibat alacris, Enn. ap. Charis. p. 214 P. (Trag. v. 151 Vahl.):(β).hac vice sermonum,
conversation, Verg. A. 6, 535:vice sermonis,
Ov. Tr. 4, 4, 79; cf. in the foll. b:deus haec fortasse benigna Reducet in sedem vice,
Hor. Epod. 13, 8:solvitur acris hiems grata vice veris et Favoni,
id. C. 1, 4, 1:commoti Patres vice fortunarum humanarum,
Liv. 7, 31, 6: dum Nox vicem peragit, performs the exchange, i. e. alternales with day, Ov. M. 4, 218:ridica contingens vitem mutuā vice sustinetur et sustinet,
Col. 4, 16:versā vice,
reversely, Dig. 43, 29, 3; App. Dogm. Plat. p. 32, 6; id. Flor. p. 363; Just. 6, 5, 11 al.—Plur.:2.plerumque gratae divitibus vices Mundaeque parvo sub Lare pauperum Cenae,
Hor. C. 3, 29, 13:et interrogandi se ipsum et respondendi sibi solent esse non ingratae vices,
Quint. 9, 2, 14:loquendi,
id. 6, 4, 11; Ov. P. 2, 10, 35:ipsius lectionis taedium vicibus levatur,
Quint. 1, 12, 4:habet has vices condicio mortalium, ut adversa ex secundis, ex adversis secunda nascantur,
Plin. Pan. 5 fin.:spatium diei noctis excipiunt vices,
Phaedr. 2, 8, 10:haec quoque non perstant... Quasque vices peragant... docebo,
what vicissitudes they undergo, Ov. M. 15, 238:mutat terra vices,
renews her changes, Hor. C. 4, 7, 3:perque vicis modo Persephone! modo Filia! clamat,
alternately, Ov. F. 4, 483; so,per vicis,
id. M. 4, 40; Plin. 8, 7, 7, § 23:per vices annorum,
i. e. every other year, id. 12, 14, 30, § 54:cur vicibus factis convivia ineant,
alternately, by turns, Ov. F. 4, 353.—Adverb.: in vicem (also freq. one word, invĭcem; and less freq. vicem, in vices, or per vices), by turns, alternately, one after the other, mutually, reciprocally.a.In vicem: bibenda aqua: postero die etiam vinum: deinde in vicem alternis diebus modo aqua modo vinum, Cels. 3, 2 med.:b.reliqui, qui domi manserunt, se atque alios alunt: hi rursus in vicem anno post in armis sunt,
Caes. B. G. 4, 1:propter vicinitatem simul eramus invicem,
Cic. Att. 5, 10, 5; Quint. 11, 3, 168:multis invicem casibus victi victoresque,
Liv. 2, 44, 12:non comisantium in vicem more jam diu vivimus inter nos,
id. 40, 9, 8 Weissenb. ad loc.:in vicem inter se gratantes,
id. 9, 43, 17:inque vicem tua me, te mea forma capit,
Ov. H. 17, 180; id. M. 6, 631; 8, 473; Verg. G. 3, 188; Hor. S. 1, 3, 141 al.—Vicem:c.ut unus fasces haberet, et hoc insigne regium suam cujusque vicem, per omnes iret,
Liv. 3, 36, 3; cf. id. 1, 9, 15.—In vices ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):d.inque vices illum tectos qui laesit amores, Laedit amore pari,
Ov. M. 4, 191; 12, 161; Tac. G. 26 Halm.—Per vices (post-Aug. and very rare):B.quod ipsum imperari per vices optimum est,
Quint. 2, 4, 6 Halm.—In partic.1.A time, turn (late Lat.; cf. Orell. ad Hor. C. 4, 14, 13):2.ager tertiā vice arabitur,
Pall. 10, 1:tribus per diem vicibus,
id. 1, 3 fin.; cf.:tesserulas in medium vice suā quisque jaciebamus,
Gell. 18, 13, 1:vice quādam,
once, Sid. Ep. 7, 1; Aus. Pan. Grat. Aug. 4.—Reciprocal behavior or conduct, i. e. return, requital, reciprocal service, recompense, remuneration, retaliation (rare but class.):3.recito praedicationem amplissimi beneficii, vicem officii praesentis,
Cic. Sest. 4, 10:tanto proclivius est injuriae quam beneficio vicem exsolvere,
Tac. H. 4, 3; Prop. 1, 13, 10:redde vicem meritis,
Ov. Am. 1, 6, 23:non poteris ipsa referre vicem,
id. A. A. 1, 370; cf.:dejecit acer plus vice simplici (i. e. non tantam solum cladem illis intulit quantam ipsi dederant, sed duplum, Schol.),
Hor. C. 4, 14, 13 Orell. ad loc.— Plur.:spernentem sperne, sequenti Redde vices,
Ov. M. 14, 36:neque est ullus affectus... qui magis vices exigat,
Plin. Pan. 85, 3.—The changes of fate, fate, hap, lot, condition, fortune, misfortune:II.mihi uni necesse erit et meam et aliorum vicem pertimescere?
Cic. Dom. 4, 8:indignando et ipse vicem ejus,
Liv. 40, 23, 1:tacite gementes tristem fortunae vicem,
Phaedr. 5, 1, 6; cf.:vicem suam conquestus est,
Suet. Aug. 66:convertere humanam vicem,
Hor. Epod. 5, 88:publicā vice commoveri,
Quint. 11, 1, 42; cf. id. 4, 1, 33.— Plur.:fors et Debita jura vicesque superbae Te maneant ipsum,
Hor. C. 1, 28, 32:testor in occasu vestro nec tela nec ullas Vitavisse vices Danaūm,
dangers, contests, Verg. A. 2, 433.—Transf., the position, place, room, stead, post, office, duty of one person or thing as assumed by another (the usual signif. of the word):2.heredum causa justissima est: nulla est enim persona, quae ad vicem ejus, qui e vitā emigrarit, propius accedat,
Cic. Leg. 2, 19, 48:ego succedens in vicem imperii tui,
Liv. 38, 48, 7:ipse in locum vicemque consulis provolat,
id. 3, 18, 9:postquam (Juppiter) te dedit, qui erga omne humanum genus vice suā fungereris,
stand in the place of, represent, Plin. Pan. 80, 6:fungar vice cotis,
Hor. A. P. 304:per speciem alienae fungendae vicis opes suas firmavit,
Liv. 1, 41, 6:ne sacra regiae vicis desererentur,
id. 1, 20, 2:vestramque meamque vicem explete,
Tac. A. 4, 8 fin.:cujus... ego vicem debeo inplere,
Plin. Ep. 6, 6, 6:(Manus) adverbiorum atque pronominum obtinent vicem,
Quint. 11, 3, 87:in ordine vicis suae,
Vulg. Luc. 1, 8.— Plur.: non ad suum pertinere officium rati, quando divisae professionum vices essent, Quint. Inst. prooem. § 4.—Adverb.a.Vicem, with the gen. or a pers. pron., in the place of, instead of, on account of, for, for the sake of:(β).eri vicem meamque,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 3, 11:qui hodie sese excruciari meam vicem possit pati,
id. Most. 2, 1, 8; cf. id. ib. 5, 2, 24:vos respondetote istinc istarum vicem,
id. Rud. 3, 5, 34:tuam vicem saepe doleo,
Cic. Fam. 12, 23, 3:suam vicem indignantem magistratu abisse,
Liv. 2, 31, 11: remittimus hoc tibi, ne nostram vicem irascaris. id. 34, 32, 6:sollicito consuli... eorum vicem quos, etc.,
id. 44, 3, 5:rex, vicem eorum quos ad tam manifestum periculum miserat,
Curt. 7, 11, 20:maestus non suam vicem, sed propter, etc.,
id. 7, 2, 5: cum Pompeius aedem Victoriae dedicaturus foret, cujus gradus vicem theatri essent, Tiro Tull. ap. [p. 1987] Gell. 10, 1, 7:quoniam res familiaris obsidis vicem esse apud rempublicam videbatur,
Gell. 16, 10, 11.—Sometimes in a more general sense, after the manner of, like:b.Sardanapali vicem in suo lectulo mori,
Cic. Att. 10, 8, 7: ceteri vicem pecorum obtruncabantur, Sall. Fragm. ap. Non. p. 497, 26; cf. the foll.—Vice, instead of, for, on account of:(β).in pane salis vice utuntur nitro,
Plin. 31, 10, 46, § 115:temonis vice trahitur,
Col. 6, 2, 7:murum urbi cocto latere circumdedit, harenae vice bitumine interstrato,
Just. 1, 2, 7:exanimes vice unius,
Liv. 1, 25, 6:senatus vice populi,
Just. Inst. 1, 2, 5.—In a more general sense (cf. the preced. numbers), after the manner of, like:c.jactari se passa fluctu algae vice,
Plin. 9, 45, 68, § 147:moveri periclitantium vice possumus,
Quint. 6, 2, 35:diebus ac noctibus vice mundi circumagi,
Suet. Ner. 31:quaeque dixerat, oracli vice accipiens,
Tac. A. 6, 21 fin.:ut deorum vice mortuos honorarent,
like gods, Lact. 4, 28 fin.:vice navium,
App. de Deo Socr. p. 47, 22:vice pecudum occidi,
Lact. 5, 10, 6:vice imbellium proculcati,
Dict. Cret. 3, 24.—In vicem, instead of, for, in place of:d.potest malleolus protinus in vicem viviradicis conseri,
Col. 3, 14, 3:defatigatis in vicem integri succedunt,
Caes. B. G. 7, 85:in omnium vicem regni unius insatiabilis amor Successit,
Liv. 40, 8, 18:missis in vicem eorum quinque milibus sociorum,
id. 31, 11, 3; Col. 5, 6, 1; so dat. vici, Quint. Decl. 6, 4.—Ad vicem, instead of, for:(β).ad tegularum et imbricum vicem,
Plin. 36, 22, 44, § 159:ad vicem solis cinis calidus subjectus,
Pall. 4, 10 fin.; 3, 28;very rarely, ad invicem,
Veg. Vet. 2, 7 fin. —In a more general sense (cf. in the preced. numbers a. and b.), after the manner of, like:majores natu a majoribus colebantur ad deum prope ad parentum vicem,
Gell. 2, 15, 1. -
17 acer [2]
2. ācer, cris, cre (verwandt mit aceo, acies, griech. ἄκρος, spitz u. ἀκίς, Spitze, deutsch Achel), Adj. m. Compar. u. Superl., scharf, schneidend, I) eig., von empfindlich treffenden Werkzeugen, wie Waffen usw., ferramentum, Isid.: acria arma, Lucil. sat. 13, 1: hastas gerunt, angusto et brevi ferro, sed ita acri etc., Tac.: acres arcus, zum scharfen Schuß gespannte, straffe, Verg.: u. im Bilde, acres subiectat lasso stimulos, Hor.: secundae res acrioribus stimulis animos explorant, Tac.
II) übtr.: A) von den äußeren Sinnen, ihren Wahrnehmungen u. den dieselben erregenden Gegenständen: 1) scharf, pikant, beißend für den Geschmack (Ggstz. mollis, lenis, dulcis), sapor, Plin: cibus interdum mollis, interdum acer, Cels.: rapula, Hor.: acetum, Varr. fr. u. Cels.: manducare quae sunt acerrima, id est sinapi, allium, cepam, Cels.: umores, scharfe Säfte im Magen, Cic.: stomachus post vinum, der durch den Wein zu viel Schärfe bekommt, Hor. – dah. subst., acria, ium, n. pl., α) Scharfes = scharfe Speisen, ut vitet acria, ut est sinapi, cepa, allium, Varr. fr. – β) das Scharfe, die Schärfe, viscerum, Plin.: in cibis, Plin. – 2) empfindlich für das Gefühl, schneidend, stechend, beißend, übh. schmerzhaft, frigus, Lucr.: hiems, Hor.: acrior hiems, Plaut.: acrior ventus, heftigerer, Curt.: tempestates, rauhe Witterung, Caes.: sol (ὀξυς ηέλιος, Odyss.), die stechende, scharfbrennende S., Hor.: so auch solis potentia, Verg. – sitis, Tibull.: egestas, peinlich bittere Not, Lucr.: morbus, Plaut.: dolor corporis, cuius morsus est acerrimus, Cic.: febris acerrima, Aur. Vict. epit. – 3) durchdringend fürs Gehör, scharf, helltönend, gellend, grell, kreischend, v. Tönen usw., flammae sonitus das Knistern, Verg.: vox, Lucr.: vox acrior (Ggstz. iucundior), Quint.: syllabae acres (Ggstz. leniores), Quint. – übtr., acris tibia, Hor. carm. 1, 12, 1 sq. – 4) scharf, durchdringend, penetrant für den Geruch, odor, Lucr. u. Plin.: unguenta summā et acerrimā suavitate condita, Salben vom stärksten und durchdringendsten Geruch (Ggstz. ung. moderata, mäßig duftende), Cic. – übtr., naribus acres canes, von großer Spürkraft, Ov. met. 7, 806 sq. – 5) vom Gesicht, durchdringend, scharf, acerrimus sensus videndi, Cic.: acri adspectu uti, Cornif. rhet.: acri et defixo aspectu uti, den Blick scharf auf einen Punkt richten, Cornif. rhet. – u. (wie ὀξύς) blendend fürs Gesicht, blendend hell, lebhaft (von Farbe), bes. hell- oder hochpurpurfarbig, hochrot, splendor, Lucr.: rubor, Sen.
B) von den die innern Sinne erregenden Gegenständen u. von den innern Sinnen selbst, 1) v. den Empfindungen des innern Gefühls = stechend, nagend, empfindlich, schmerzlich, peinigend, pein lich, cura, Lucr.: dolor, Verg.: memoria, schmerzliches Andenken, Tac.: paenitentia, peinlich bittere, Tac. – 2) v. den Verstandeskräften u. ihren Ôußerungen, durchdringend, scharf, scharfsinnig, fein, treffend, acies (ingenii), Cic.: vir acri od. acerrimo ingenio, Cic. – investigator, Cic.: iudicium acrius et certius, Cic.: memoria (Gedächtnis), Cic. – 3) als moralische Eigenschaft: a) von seiten des Willens, feurig, hitzig, eifrig, energisch, tatkräftig, Ggstz. quietus (s. Benecke Cic. Cat. 3, 17. Fritzsche Hor. sat. 1, 3, 53. Dietsch Sall. Iug. 7, 4. Kritz Sall. Iug. 20, 2), impigrum atque acre ingenium, Sall.: animus, Cic. – vir, Sall.: testis, Cic.: civis acerrimus, Cic.: acrior in rebus gerendis, Cic.: homo ad perdiscendum acerrimus, von Lerneifer beseelt, Cic.: duces partium accendendo bello civili acres, Tac.: bes. von Kriegern, milites, Cic.: hostis Cic.: equus (Streitroß), Verg.: stetit acer in armis, Verg. – acer in ferro (im Kampf), Cic. ad Att. 2, 21, 4. – m. Genet. (= in), acer belli, Vell. 1, 3, 1: acer militiae, Tac. hist. 2, 5, 1. – m. Abl. (= in), bellis acer Halesus, Verg. Aen. 10, 411: Mithridates bello acerrimus, Vell. 2, 18, 1: acer equis, der reisige Held, Verg. georg. 3, 8: m. Infinit., iuga Pyrenes venatibus acer metiri, Sil. 3, 338: quis tendere contum acrior? Claud. IV. cons. Hon. 540. – subst., acria illa et erecta, feurige u. erhabene Stellen (Passagen), Plin. ep. 6, 33, 9. – b) von seiten der Affekte, hitzig, heftig, leidenschaftlich, streng, wild, grimmig (Ggstz. modestus, quietus, lenis, mitis, mollis), qui cum ita vehemens acerque venisset, ut etc.; ita eum placidum mollemque reddidi, ut etc., Cic.: acerrima uxor, Plaut.: pater, Ter.: aestimator, Cic.: potor, ein starker Zecher, Hor. – m. Genet., sermonis acer, Aur. Vict. epit. 42, 7. – so von Tieren, aper, Hor.: leo acerrimus, Cornif. rhet. u. Nep.: bes. von hitzigen u. bissigen Jagd- od. Haushunden, Cic., Hor. u.a.; vgl. Schwabe zu Phaedr. 3, 7, 18. – v. der Miene, vultus eorum indignitate rerum acrior, Liv. 9, 6, 2: vultus acer in hostem, Hor. carm. 1, 2, 39. – u. von den Affekten selbst, heftig, stark, leidenschaftlich, ira, Lucr.: amor gloriae, cupiditas, luctus, Cic.: acrior ad venerem feminae cupido quam regis, Curt. – dah. c) übh. v. abstrakten, poet. auch von konkreten Dingen, bei denen mit Eifer, Feuer, Heftigkeit, Strenge usw. zu Werke gegangen wird, hitzig, heftig, scharf, streng, gewaltig, eifrig, empfindlich, kränkend, hart, acriora consilia (Ggstz. cauta), Tac.: acerrima consilia (Ggstz. inertissima), Hirt. in Cic. ep.: militia, Hor.: bellum, Cic.: supplicium, Cic.: nox, wo es hart hergeht, Cic. – u. so wohl auch pocula, aus denen scharf gezecht wird = große, Hor. – subst., acre, is, n., die bittere Schärfe (Ggstz. ridiculum, Scherz), Hor. sat. 1, 10, 14. – longe maiora et acriora repetens, indem sein Streben weiter ging u. er dasselbe mit Heftigkeit verfolgte, Vell. 2, 6, 2. – / a) acer als fem. bei Enn. ann. 406; u. acris als masc. bei Enn. ann. 369. Cels. 8, 4. p. 337, 21 (D.). Col. 12, 17, 2. – b) Nbf. acrus, a, um, bei Spät.: caenum acrissimum, Pelag. vet. 16. Cod. Iust. 5, 5, 4. – c) Acc. neutr. acre, adv. = acriter, Sall. fr. u.a.
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18 subduco
subdūco, ĕre, duxi, ductum - tr. - - parf. sync. subduxti, Ter. Eun. 795; inf. subduxe Varr. R. 2, 1, 6. - voir subductus - tirer de bas en haut. [st1]1 [-] soulever. - subducere sursum, Plaut. Aul 366: amener en haut. --- cf. Cato, Agr. 157, 15. - subducere cataractam funibus, Liv. 27, 28, 10: soulever la herse avec des cordages. - subductis tunicis, Hor. S. 1, 2, 26: les tuniques étant retroussées. - subducere supercilia, Sen. Ep. 48, 5: relever, froncer les sourcils. [st1]2 [-] amener les vaisseaux sur le rivage. - subducere naves in aridum, Caes. BG. 4, 29, 2: amener les vaisseaux au sec sur le rivage. - subductis navibus, Caes. BG. 5, 11, 7: les navires étant tirés sur le rivage. --- cf. Cic. Off. 3, 49. - navis subducta in terra, Plaut. Most. 738: navire tiré sur le rivage. --- cf. Liv. 45, 42. - tirer de dessous. [st1]3 [-] retirer de dessous, retirer, soustraire. - ignem subducere, Cato, Agr. 105, 1: retirer le feu de dessous. - lapidibus ex turri subductis, Caes. BC. 2, 11, 4: des pierres ayant été retirées à la base de la tour. - capiti ensem subducere, Virg. En. 6, 524: soustraire une épée du chevet de qqn. - subducere cibum athletae, Cic. Tusc. 2, 40: retirer la nourriture à un athlète. - rerum fundamenta subducere, Cic. Fin. 4, 42: saper les fondements des choses. - cubiculum subductum ventis, Plin. 2, 17, 10: chambre soustraite aux vents. [st1]4 [-] retirer, emmener. - subducere copias in proximum collem, Caes. BG. 1, 22, 3: retirer les troupes sur la plus proche colline [à la fois retraite et montée]. --- cf. Sall. J. 98, 4. - cohortes e dextro cornu subductae, Liv. 27, 48, 13: cohortes tirées de l'aile droite. - subducere aliquem periculo, Vell. 2: soustraire qqn au danger. - nos manum ferulae subduximus, Juv. 1, 15: **nous avons retiré la main à la férule** = nous avons esquivé la férule en retirant la main. - subducere rem judicio, Dig. 10, 2, 14: retirer une affaire du rôle. - lac subducitur agnis, Virg. B. 3: le lait est enlevé aux agneaux. - subducere in primam aciem, Sall. C. 59, 3: faire passer des soldats au premier rang. - subduci, Liv.: se replier, battre en retraite. - cf. Liv. 22, 48 ; 44, 37, etc. [st1]5 [-] retirer secrètement, enlever à la dérobée, furtivement. - furto obsides subducere, Liv. 9, 11, 6: soustraire furtivement des otages. - alicui anulum subducere, Plaut. Curc. 360: soustraire un anneau à qqn. - post ignem aetheria domo subductum, Hor. O. 1, 3, 30: après que le feu eut été dérobé au ciel. - de circulo se subducere, Cic. Q. 3 4, 1: s'éclipser du groupe. - clam se subducere ab custodibus, Nep. Alc. 4, 4: se dérober secrètement à ses gardiens. - subducit se pedibus terra, Lucr. 1, 1106: la terre manque sous les pieds. - fons nascitur simulque subducitur, Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 39: la source jaillit et se perd aussitôt. - cum eo te clam subduxti, Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 25: tu t'es discrètement retirée avec lui. [st1]6 [-] compter, calculer, supputer. - subducere ratiunculam, Plaut. Cap. 192, etc., ou rationem Fin. 2, 78: faire un compte, calculer, supputer. - rationibus subductis summam feci cogitationum mearum, Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 10: ayant tout calculé, j'ai fait la somme de mes pensées. - subducamus summam, Cic. Att. 5, 21, 11: calculons le montant total. - voluptatum calculis subductis, Cic. Fin. 2, 60: en faisant la supputation des plaisirs. - hoc quid intersit, certe habes subductum, Cic. Att. 5, 21, 13: la différence, certes tu en as le calcul tout fait. - absol. adsidunt, subducunt, Cic. Att. 5, 21, 12: ils s'assoient, ils font le calcul. [st1]7 [-] doubler (un vêtement). - tandem venit hiems; sumptum est aliud pileum: mutavit ille picturam; sumpta est vestis hiberna pellibus subducta: pinxit novam vestem, Erasm. Cic.: enfin voici l’hiver: (Murion) prend un autre bonnet: notre peintre modifie son tableau ! Murion prend une veste d’hiver, doublée de fourrure: il peint la nouvelle veste !* * *subdūco, ĕre, duxi, ductum - tr. - - parf. sync. subduxti, Ter. Eun. 795; inf. subduxe Varr. R. 2, 1, 6. - voir subductus - tirer de bas en haut. [st1]1 [-] soulever. - subducere sursum, Plaut. Aul 366: amener en haut. --- cf. Cato, Agr. 157, 15. - subducere cataractam funibus, Liv. 27, 28, 10: soulever la herse avec des cordages. - subductis tunicis, Hor. S. 1, 2, 26: les tuniques étant retroussées. - subducere supercilia, Sen. Ep. 48, 5: relever, froncer les sourcils. [st1]2 [-] amener les vaisseaux sur le rivage. - subducere naves in aridum, Caes. BG. 4, 29, 2: amener les vaisseaux au sec sur le rivage. - subductis navibus, Caes. BG. 5, 11, 7: les navires étant tirés sur le rivage. --- cf. Cic. Off. 3, 49. - navis subducta in terra, Plaut. Most. 738: navire tiré sur le rivage. --- cf. Liv. 45, 42. - tirer de dessous. [st1]3 [-] retirer de dessous, retirer, soustraire. - ignem subducere, Cato, Agr. 105, 1: retirer le feu de dessous. - lapidibus ex turri subductis, Caes. BC. 2, 11, 4: des pierres ayant été retirées à la base de la tour. - capiti ensem subducere, Virg. En. 6, 524: soustraire une épée du chevet de qqn. - subducere cibum athletae, Cic. Tusc. 2, 40: retirer la nourriture à un athlète. - rerum fundamenta subducere, Cic. Fin. 4, 42: saper les fondements des choses. - cubiculum subductum ventis, Plin. 2, 17, 10: chambre soustraite aux vents. [st1]4 [-] retirer, emmener. - subducere copias in proximum collem, Caes. BG. 1, 22, 3: retirer les troupes sur la plus proche colline [à la fois retraite et montée]. --- cf. Sall. J. 98, 4. - cohortes e dextro cornu subductae, Liv. 27, 48, 13: cohortes tirées de l'aile droite. - subducere aliquem periculo, Vell. 2: soustraire qqn au danger. - nos manum ferulae subduximus, Juv. 1, 15: **nous avons retiré la main à la férule** = nous avons esquivé la férule en retirant la main. - subducere rem judicio, Dig. 10, 2, 14: retirer une affaire du rôle. - lac subducitur agnis, Virg. B. 3: le lait est enlevé aux agneaux. - subducere in primam aciem, Sall. C. 59, 3: faire passer des soldats au premier rang. - subduci, Liv.: se replier, battre en retraite. - cf. Liv. 22, 48 ; 44, 37, etc. [st1]5 [-] retirer secrètement, enlever à la dérobée, furtivement. - furto obsides subducere, Liv. 9, 11, 6: soustraire furtivement des otages. - alicui anulum subducere, Plaut. Curc. 360: soustraire un anneau à qqn. - post ignem aetheria domo subductum, Hor. O. 1, 3, 30: après que le feu eut été dérobé au ciel. - de circulo se subducere, Cic. Q. 3 4, 1: s'éclipser du groupe. - clam se subducere ab custodibus, Nep. Alc. 4, 4: se dérober secrètement à ses gardiens. - subducit se pedibus terra, Lucr. 1, 1106: la terre manque sous les pieds. - fons nascitur simulque subducitur, Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 39: la source jaillit et se perd aussitôt. - cum eo te clam subduxti, Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 25: tu t'es discrètement retirée avec lui. [st1]6 [-] compter, calculer, supputer. - subducere ratiunculam, Plaut. Cap. 192, etc., ou rationem Fin. 2, 78: faire un compte, calculer, supputer. - rationibus subductis summam feci cogitationum mearum, Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 10: ayant tout calculé, j'ai fait la somme de mes pensées. - subducamus summam, Cic. Att. 5, 21, 11: calculons le montant total. - voluptatum calculis subductis, Cic. Fin. 2, 60: en faisant la supputation des plaisirs. - hoc quid intersit, certe habes subductum, Cic. Att. 5, 21, 13: la différence, certes tu en as le calcul tout fait. - absol. adsidunt, subducunt, Cic. Att. 5, 21, 12: ils s'assoient, ils font le calcul. [st1]7 [-] doubler (un vêtement). - tandem venit hiems; sumptum est aliud pileum: mutavit ille picturam; sumpta est vestis hiberna pellibus subducta: pinxit novam vestem, Erasm. Cic.: enfin voici l’hiver: (Murion) prend un autre bonnet: notre peintre modifie son tableau ! Murion prend une veste d’hiver, doublée de fourrure: il peint la nouvelle veste !* * *Subduco, subducis, penul. prod. subduxi, subductum, subducere. Iuuenal. Mettre dessoubs.\Subducere. Cato. Soubtraire et retirer, Oster de dessoubs.\Tempus est subducere hinc me. Plaut. De me retirer d'ici.\Aurum subducitur terrae. Ouid. On fouille et tire on l'or hors de terre.\Subducere cibum athletae. Cic. Ne luy bailler que manger, Luy soubtraire la viande.\Colla subducere oneri. Ouid. Oster le col de dessoubs la charge, Se descharger.\Subducere lac agnis. Virgil. Sevrer les agneauls.\Memoriam tempus interpositum subduxit. Seneca. Le temps en a osté et faict perdre la memoire, L'a faict oublier.\Morti subducere aliquem. Claud. Oster et delivrer du peril de mort.\Pugnae subducere aliquem. Virgil. Le tirer hors du combat.\Terra se pedibus raptim subducit. Lucret. Se soubtrait et oste de dessoubs les pieds.\Qua se subducere colles incipiunt. Virgil. Commencent à s'applanir et applatir ou abbaiser et perdre leur haulteur.\Subducere. Martial. Oster par larcin, Desrobber, Prendre furtivement et à la desrobbee.\Subducere pallium lapsum a cubito. Martial. Lever et emporter furtivement et desrobber.\Subducere. Plin. iunior. Mener en hault.\Subducere copias in collem satis arduum. Liu. Mener sus.\Subducere naues. Virgil. Tirer et mener à port, Mettre à terre.\Subducere sursum e puteo. Plaut. Tirer en hault.\Subducere supercilia. Seneca. Haulcer et froncer les sourcils.\Vultu subducto procedere. Propert. Severe et renfrongné.\Subducere animam. Cato. Retirer son haleine.\Subducere succum aliquem naribus. Plinius. Attirer par les narines.\Subducere aliquem. Plaut. Tromper et decevoir aucun.\Subducere aliquem dictis. Terent. Circonvenir et decevoir aucun par belles parolles.\Subducere cum hoc nomine RATIO, significat computare, quod et inire, et habere, et facere rationem dicimus. Plaut. Compter, Rapporter le chapitre des receptes au chapitre des mises.\Inita et subducta ratione scelera meditari. Cicero. De faict a pensé.\Subducere calculos voluptatum. Cic. Compter combien de voluptez et de plaisirs on peult recevoir.\Numerum stellarum subducere. Catul. Nombrer les estoilles, Compter le nombre, et combien il est d'estoilles.\Subducere summam. Cicero. Sommer une somme en deduisant et rabbatant.\Subducere, non adiecto nomine RATIO. Cic. Compter, Faire un compte et calcul.\Subducere fundamenta alicuius rei. Cicero. Oster les fondements. -
19 acer
1. acer, eris, n., der Ahornbaum, der Ahorn (als Baum u. als Holz), Ov., Plin. u.a. – ⇒ acer als fem. bei Serv. Verg. Aen. 2, 16 (wo Akk. acerem); vgl. Prisc. 5, 15 u. 6, 44.————————2. ācer, cris, cre (verwandt mit aceo, acies, griech. ἄκρος, spitz u. ἀκίς, Spitze, deutsch Achel), Adj. m. Compar. u. Superl., scharf, schneidend, I) eig., von empfindlich treffenden Werkzeugen, wie Waffen usw., ferramentum, Isid.: acria arma, Lucil. sat. 13, 1: hastas gerunt, angusto et brevi ferro, sed ita acri etc., Tac.: acres arcus, zum scharfen Schuß gespannte, straffe, Verg.: u. im Bilde, acres subiectat lasso stimulos, Hor.: secundae res acrioribus stimulis animos explorant, Tac.II) übtr.: A) von den äußeren Sinnen, ihren Wahrnehmungen u. den dieselben erregenden Gegenständen: 1) scharf, pikant, beißend für den Geschmack (Ggstz. mollis, lenis, dulcis), sapor, Plin: cibus interdum mollis, interdum acer, Cels.: rapula, Hor.: acetum, Varr. fr. u. Cels.: manducare quae sunt acerrima, id est sinapi, allium, cepam, Cels.: umores, scharfe Säfte im Magen, Cic.: stomachus post vinum, der durch den Wein zu viel Schärfe bekommt, Hor. – dah. subst., acria, ium, n. pl., α) Scharfes = scharfe Speisen, ut vitet acria, ut est sinapi, cepa, allium, Varr. fr. – β) das Scharfe, die Schärfe, viscerum, Plin.: in cibis, Plin. – 2) empfindlich für das Gefühl, schneidend, stechend, beißend, übh. schmerzhaft, frigus, Lucr.: hiems, Hor.: acrior hiems, Plaut.: acrior ventus, heftigerer, Curt.: tempestates, rauhe Witte-————rung, Caes.: sol (ὀξυς ηέλιος, Odyss.), die stechende, scharfbrennende S., Hor.: so auch solis potentia, Verg. – sitis, Tibull.: egestas, peinlich bittere Not, Lucr.: morbus, Plaut.: dolor corporis, cuius morsus est acerrimus, Cic.: febris acerrima, Aur. Vict. epit. – 3) durchdringend fürs Gehör, scharf, helltönend, gellend, grell, kreischend, v. Tönen usw., flammae sonitus das Knistern, Verg.: vox, Lucr.: vox acrior (Ggstz. iucundior), Quint.: syllabae acres (Ggstz. leniores), Quint. – übtr., acris tibia, Hor. carm. 1, 12, 1 sq. – 4) scharf, durchdringend, penetrant für den Geruch, odor, Lucr. u. Plin.: unguenta summā et acerrimā suavitate condita, Salben vom stärksten und durchdringendsten Geruch (Ggstz. ung. moderata, mäßig duftende), Cic. – übtr., naribus acres canes, von großer Spürkraft, Ov. met. 7, 806 sq. – 5) vom Gesicht, durchdringend, scharf, acerrimus sensus videndi, Cic.: acri adspectu uti, Cornif. rhet.: acri et defixo aspectu uti, den Blick scharf auf einen Punkt richten, Cornif. rhet. – u. (wie ὀξύς) blendend fürs Gesicht, blendend hell, lebhaft (von Farbe), bes. hell- oder hochpurpurfarbig, hochrot, splendor, Lucr.: rubor, Sen.B) von den die innern Sinne erregenden Gegenständen u. von den innern Sinnen selbst, 1) v. den Empfindungen des innern Gefühls = stechend, nagend, empfindlich, schmerzlich, peinigend, pein-————lich, cura, Lucr.: dolor, Verg.: memoria, schmerzliches Andenken, Tac.: paenitentia, peinlich bittere, Tac. – 2) v. den Verstandeskräften u. ihren Фußerungen, durchdringend, scharf, scharfsinnig, fein, treffend, acies (ingenii), Cic.: vir acri od. acerrimo ingenio, Cic. – investigator, Cic.: iudicium acrius et certius, Cic.: memoria (Gedächtnis), Cic. – 3) als moralische Eigenschaft: a) von seiten des Willens, feurig, hitzig, eifrig, energisch, tatkräftig, Ggstz. quietus (s. Benecke Cic. Cat. 3, 17. Fritzsche Hor. sat. 1, 3, 53. Dietsch Sall. Iug. 7, 4. Kritz Sall. Iug. 20, 2), impigrum atque acre ingenium, Sall.: animus, Cic. – vir, Sall.: testis, Cic.: civis acerrimus, Cic.: acrior in rebus gerendis, Cic.: homo ad perdiscendum acerrimus, von Lerneifer beseelt, Cic.: duces partium accendendo bello civili acres, Tac.: bes. von Kriegern, milites, Cic.: hostis Cic.: equus (Streitroß), Verg.: stetit acer in armis, Verg. – acer in ferro (im Kampf), Cic. ad Att. 2, 21, 4. – m. Genet. (= in), acer belli, Vell. 1, 3, 1: acer militiae, Tac. hist. 2, 5, 1. – m. Abl. (= in), bellis acer Halesus, Verg. Aen. 10, 411: Mithridates bello acerrimus, Vell. 2, 18, 1: acer equis, der reisige Held, Verg. georg. 3, 8: m. Infinit., iuga Pyrenes venatibus acer metiri, Sil. 3, 338: quis tendere contum acrior? Claud. IV. cons. Hon. 540. – subst., acria illa et erecta, feurige u. erhabene Stellen (Passagen), Plin. ep. 6, 33, 9. – b) von seiten der Af-————fekte, hitzig, heftig, leidenschaftlich, streng, wild, grimmig (Ggstz. modestus, quietus, lenis, mitis, mollis), qui cum ita vehemens acerque venisset, ut etc.; ita eum placidum mollemque reddidi, ut etc., Cic.: acerrima uxor, Plaut.: pater, Ter.: aestimator, Cic.: potor, ein starker Zecher, Hor. – m. Genet., sermonis acer, Aur. Vict. epit. 42, 7. – so von Tieren, aper, Hor.: leo acerrimus, Cornif. rhet. u. Nep.: bes. von hitzigen u. bissigen Jagd- od. Haushunden, Cic., Hor. u.a.; vgl. Schwabe zu Phaedr. 3, 7, 18. – v. der Miene, vultus eorum indignitate rerum acrior, Liv. 9, 6, 2: vultus acer in hostem, Hor. carm. 1, 2, 39. – u. von den Affekten selbst, heftig, stark, leidenschaftlich, ira, Lucr.: amor gloriae, cupiditas, luctus, Cic.: acrior ad venerem feminae cupido quam regis, Curt. – dah. c) übh. v. abstrakten, poet. auch von konkreten Dingen, bei denen mit Eifer, Feuer, Heftigkeit, Strenge usw. zu Werke gegangen wird, hitzig, heftig, scharf, streng, gewaltig, eifrig, empfindlich, kränkend, hart, acriora consilia (Ggstz. cauta), Tac.: acerrima consilia (Ggstz. inertissima), Hirt. in Cic. ep.: militia, Hor.: bellum, Cic.: supplicium, Cic.: nox, wo es hart hergeht, Cic. – u. so wohl auch pocula, aus denen scharf gezecht wird = große, Hor. – subst., acre, is, n., die bittere Schärfe (Ggstz. ridiculum, Scherz), Hor. sat. 1, 10, 14. – longe maiora et acriora repetens, indem sein Streben weiter ging u. er das-————selbe mit Heftigkeit verfolgte, Vell. 2, 6, 2. – ⇒ a) acer als fem. bei Enn. ann. 406; u. acris als masc. bei Enn. ann. 369. Cels. 8, 4. p. 337, 21 (D.). Col. 12, 17, 2. – b) Nbf. acrus, a, um, bei Spät.: caenum acrissimum, Pelag. vet. 16. Cod. Iust. 5, 5, 4. – c) Acc. neutr. acre, adv. = acriter, Sall. fr. u.a. -
20 claudo
1.claudo ( * clōdo:I. (α).clodunt ita (oculos),
Plin. 18, 33, 76, § 330 fin.; but some refer clodo to claudeo; and more freq., although not in Cic., clūdo, as always in the compounds; v. infra), si, sum, 3, v. a. [root sklu-, klu-, to shut; cf. kleiô, kleis, clavis; O. H. Germ. scliuzu; M. H. Germ. schliessen; also claudus, clavus], to shut.Claudo:(β).forem cubiculi,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 20, 59; cf. Quint. 10, 3, 25;and, clausae fores,
Tib. 1, 9, 44; Suet. Ner. 47:conventus portus Varroni clausit,
Caes. B. C. 2, 19:januam serā,
Tib. 1, 2, 6:domum,
Ov. P. 1, 7, 36 sq.:ostia,
Cat. 6, 231:portas,
Cic. Fl. 25, 61; Hor. C. 3, 5, 23; cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 27, § 68:omnes aditus,
id. Phil. 1, 10, 25; Tac. A. 12, 68; Stat. Th. 6, 752:rivos,
to dam up, Verg. E. 3, 111:ad claudendas pupulas, ne quid incideret, et ad aperiendas, etc.,
Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 142:ocellos (in dying),
Prop. 2 (3), 13, 17; so,oculos,
Luc. 5, 28:lumina,
Verg. A. 10, 746; Ov. M. 3, 503:clausis foribus,
Lucr. 4, 598.—Cludo:2.domum,
Tac. H. 1, 33:Janum Quirinum ter clusit,
Suet. Aug. 22; Flor. 4, 12, 64:animam clusit dolor,
Luc. 8, 59.—Trop.:B.nec ita claudenda est res familiaris, ut eam benignitas aperire non possit,
Cic. Off. 2, 15, 55:domus clausa contra cupiditatem,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 15, § 39:habere domum clausam pudori et sanctimoniae, patentem cupiditati et voluptatibus,
id. Quint. 30, 93; cf. id. Fam. 4, 13, 6:aures ad doctissimas voces,
id. Tusc. 4, 1, 2; cf. Liv. 40, 8, 20:cludendae sunt aures malis vocibus,
Sen. Ep. 123, 9:horum ferocia vocem Euandri clausit,
Liv. 44, 45, 11: fugam hostibus, q. s. to block up, to cut off, prevent, id. 27, 18, 20; so Ov. M. 6, 572:alicui iter,
id. F. 1, 272; id. M. 8, 548:alios incessus,
Tac. A. 6, 33:sideritis sanguinem claudit,
i. e. stops, stanches, Plin. 26, 13, 83, § 135:cluso corpore adversum vim veneni,
Tac. A. 15, 64:clausa consilia habere,
i. e. to conceal, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 25, § 63; cf. Sall. C. 10, 5; Ov. M. 2, 641; id. F. 4, 846; Sil. 1, 140.— Poet.: animam laqueo, i. e. to end one ' s life, Ov. M. 7, 604 (cf.:vitalesque vias et respiramina clausit,
id. ib. 2, 828).—To close, end, conclude (so, except the milit. expression, agmen, only poet. or in post-Aug. prose; most freq. in Quint.).(α).Claudo:(β).cujus octavum trepidavit aetas Claudere lustrum,
Hor. C. 2, 4, 24:opus,
Ov. F. 3, 384:jus,
Luc. 5, 44:labores ingentis belli,
Sil. 15, 655:epistulam,
Ov. H. 13, 165; 20, 242:cenas lactucā,
Mart. 13, 14; Quint. 9, 4, 13:cum ventum est ad ipsum illud, quo veteres tragoediae comoediaeque clauduntur, Plaudite,
id. 6, 1, 52; cf. id. 1, 8, 1; 2, 15, 27.—Cludo:2.cludere bella,
Stat. Th. 11, 58:cludendi incohandique sententias ratio,
Quint. 9, 4, 18; cf.opp. incipere,
id. 9, 4, 67 (as claudere, opp. incipere, id. 1, 8, 1):cum versus cluditur,
id. 9, 4, 65; cf. id. 9, 4, 26; 9, 4, 71; 9, 4, 73; 9, 4, 93; 9, 4, 102; 9, 4, 104; 9, 4, 105; 12, 10, 31.—Agmen, in milit. lang., to close the procession or train, to bring up the rear, Caes. B. G. 1, 25; Curt. 3, 3, 21; 4, 12, 4; so,II.aciem,
Sil. 7, 590; cf. cogo, I. B. 3.—(For the compounds includo, concludo.) Claudere aliquid aliquā re, to shut up or in something by something, to enclose, encompass, surround, imprison, hide, confine (class., esp. freq. in poetry and in the historians).(α).Claudo, with abl.:(β).locum aquā,
Varr. R. R. 3, 14, 1:quae (Syracusarum urbs) loci naturā terrā marique clauderetur,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 2, § 4:(animae) clausae tenebris et carcere caeco,
Verg. A. 6, 734:stabulis armenta,
id. G. 3, 352:claudens textis cratibus pecus,
Hor. Epod. 2, 45; cf. Ov. M. 2, 554; 4, 646:ensem vaginā,
Luc. 5, 245:aliquem Gyaro,
Tac. A. 4, 30; 14, 63:clausus domo,
id. ib. 15, 53; cf.:intra domum,
id. H. 4, 49:rivus praealtis utrimque clausus ripis,
Liv. 21, 54, 1; cf. id. 21, 43, 4; 41, 27, 12; Quint. 1, 10, 45:clauditur cubiculo aliquis,
Tac. A. 15, 69; cf.: in atras et profundas tenebras eum claudebant, Tubero ap. Gell. 7 (6), 4, 3:in arcā,
Hor. S. 2, 7, 59:claudam in curiā vos,
Liv. 23, 2, 9:in tectis,
Ov. M. 3, 697:(apes) in arbore inani,
id. F. 3, 743:aquilonem in antris,
id. M. 1, 262.—Without abl.:nihil se tam clausum posse habere, quod non istius cupiditati apertissimum esset,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 20, § 42:insula ea sinum ab alto claudit,
Liv. 30, 24, 9; cf. Tac. G. 34; Quint. 1, 10, 42; Ov. M. 1, 568 al.—In milit. lang., of a hostile encompassing, to encompass, invest, besiege, blockade, etc.:praestare arbitrabatur, unum locum... quam omnia litora ac portus custodiā clausos teneri,
Caes. B. C. 3, 23:urbem operibus,
Nep. Milt. 7, 2; Liv. 25, 22, 12 al.; cf.:urbem obsidione,
Nep. Epam. 8, 5:adversarios locorum angustiis,
id. Dat. 8, 4; cf. id. Epam. 7, 1; id. Ham. 2, 4:multitudine,
id. Milt. 5, 3:hinc Tusco claudimur amni,
are hemmed in, Verg. A. 8, 473.—So of hunting:nemorum saltus,
Verg. E. 6, 56:indagine collis,
Tib. 4, 3, 7:silvas vastasque feras indagine,
Luc. 6, 42; Stat. Th. 2, 553:insidiis altas valles,
Tib. 1, 4, 49:cur tibi clauduntur rete Imbelles capr eae,
Ov. F. 5, 371.—Cludo, Varr. R. R. 3, 3, 5:B.venti clusi Nubibus,
Lucr. 6, 197; Flor. 3, 20, 13.—Trop.:2.numcubi meam Benignitatem sensisti in te claudier?
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 84:nolo tibi ullum commodum in me claudier,
id. And. 3, 3, 41; cf.I. A. 2. supra.—Esp. of speech and rhythm: qui non claudunt numeris sententias,
Cic. Or. 68, 229; 58, 198:pedibus verba,
i. e. to compose verses, Hor. S. 2, 1, 28; cf. id. ib. 1, 10, 59:quod clausae hieme Alpes essent,
Liv. 27, 36, 4; cf. Verg. G. 2, 317: rura gelu tum claudit hiems (and id. A. 2, 111: illos aspera ponti interclusit hiems).—Hence, P.a. as subst.: clausum ( clūsum), i, n., an enclosed place (for confining or keeping any thing):clausa effringere,
Sall. J. 12, 5:in clauso linquere,
in confinement, Verg. G. 4, 303:fructus clauso custodire,
Col. 12, praef. §3: sub uno clauso,
id. 7, 6, 5:clausa domorum,
Lucr. 1, 354:clausa viarum,
id. 4, 612.claudo, ĕre, v. claudeo.
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